畜禽养殖环境中抗生素抗性基因污染的研究进展  

Research review on the pollution of antibiotic resistance genes in livestock and poultry farming environ-ments

作　　者：王文洁 于丽明 邵梦莹 贾延天 刘柳青青 马小涵 郑宇[1] 刘一帆 张瑛臻 罗先香[1,3,4] 李锋民 郑浩[1,3,4] WANG Wenjie;YU Liming;SHAO Mengying;JIA Yantian;LIU Liuqingqing;MA Xiaohan;ZHENG Yu;LIU Yifan;ZHANG Yingzhen;LUO Xianxiang;LI Fengmin;ZHENG Hao(Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Eco-logy,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China;Qingdao Haibohe Waste Water Treatment Plant,Qingdao 266005,Shandong,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China;Sanya Oceano-graphic Institution,Ocean University of China,Sanya 572000,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所,海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛市海泊河污水处理厂,山东青岛266005 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [4]中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2023年第5期1415-1429,共15页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(ZR2021JQ13);国家自然科学基金项目(42077115)资助。

摘　　要：畜禽养殖中抗生素不当使用导致的抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)污染问题日益严重,引起了国际社会的广泛关注。养殖环境中的ARGs不但可通过吸附、解吸、迁移等途径发生跨介质扩散,也可通过水平基因转移(HGT)使耐药性跨菌属传播,甚至通过食物链传递给人类,对公众健康造成潜在威胁。然而,目前缺少以大健康视角总结分析畜禽养殖环境ARGs赋存特征、关键环境过程和阻控技术的研究,导致对ARGs传播风险的评估和污染阻控对策的制定难以有效开展。本文在分析不同国家、畜种、环境介质中ARGs污染水平差异的基础上,阐述了ARGs在畜禽养殖环境中的关键环境过程和主要影响因素,重点论述了当前畜禽养殖业ARGs的污染阻控技术,最后结合大健康的方法理念,指出了目前研究存在的不足和亟需加强的方面,尤其强调了明确ARGs时空演变规律和环境过程机制、开发绿色高效的污染阻控技术的重要性与紧迫性,以期为畜禽养殖环境中ARGs健康风险评估和污染阻控技术的开发提供理论依据。Increasingly serious pollution of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)caused by the abuse of antibiotics in livestock and poultry industry has raised worldwide concerns.ARGs could spread among various farming environ-mental media through adsorption,desorption,migration,and also could transfer into human gut microbiome by hori-zontal gene transfer(HGT),posing potential threats to public health.However,the comprehensive review on the pollution patterns,environmental behaviors,and control techniques of ARGs in livestock and poultry environments in view of One Health is still inadequate,resulting in the difficulties in effectively assessing ARGs transmission risk and developing the efficient control strategies.Here,we analyzed the pollution characteristics of typical ARGs in various countries,regions,livestock species,and environmental media,reviewed the critical environmental fate and influencing factors,control strategies,and the shortcomings of current researches about ARGs in the livestock and poultry farming industry combined with One Health philosophy.In particular,we addressed the importance and urgency of identifying the distribution characteristics and environmental process mechanisms of ARGs,and develo-ping green and efficient ARG control means in livestock farming environments.We further proposed gaps and pros-pects for the future research.It would provide theoretical basis for the research on health risk assessment and tech-nology exploitation of alleviating ARG pollution in livestock farming environment.

关 键 词：抗生素耐药性 大健康 吸附 迁移 水平基因转移 污染阻控 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]