作为一种意识形态工具的暴民  

The Mob as an Ideological Instrument

作　　者：张寅 Zhang Yin

机构地区：[1]复旦大学哲学学院

出　　处：《当代国外马克思主义评论》2022年第3期30-45,共16页Contemporary Marxism Review

摘　　要：激进的反政治哲学指责自古至今的政治哲学一直企图寻求稳定的统治秩序,但这并不是事情的全部,因为妨碍稳定的力量,如暴民也照样可能被统治秩序利用。实际上,暴民并非总是自发产生的,它可以被实际地生产出来,并作为一种意识形态工具服务于统治秩序。马克思和墨菲曾以不同的方式描述了暴民生产的可能性条件,只是都还把它当作自在的而非自为的东西,但当下的状况已经出现了新的状态,他们已经展现出从自在到自为的转变。实际上,在暴民的生产中,貌似处于中介地位的意识形态家扮演了特殊的角色,他们不断地生产出作为意识形态工具的暴民。Radical anti-political philosophy accuses political philosophy from ancient times to the present of always attempting to seek a stable ruling order,but this is not the whole story,for forces that impede stability,such as the mob,can also be coopted by the ruling order.That is,the mob can be produced practically and serve the ruling order as an ideological instrument.Marx and Mouffe describe the conditions of possibility for the production of the mob in their respective ways,but still consider it to be something in-itself rather than for-itself,whereas the present situation already shows a shift from the in-itself to the foritself.The ideologists,who appear to be in a mediating position,play a special role in the production of the mob.

关 键 词：暴民 意识形态工具 反政治哲学 自在/自为 中介 

分 类 号：D0[政治法律—政治学] B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论]