微波辅助炭基催化剂催化热解生物质的研究进展  

Research progress on biomass catalytic pyrolysis via microwave effects combined with carbon-based catalysts

作　　者：李攀[1,2,3] 胡秋辉 胡俊豪 陈志勇 张永胜 方书起[1,2,3] 常春 LI Pan;HU Qiuhui;HU Junhao;CHEN Zhiyong;ZHANG Yongsheng;FANG Shuqi;CHANG Chun(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Biobased Chemicals,Puyang 457000,China;Henan Engineering Laboratory for Biorefinery Technology and Equipment,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,郑州450001 [2]河南省生物基化学品绿色制造重点实验室,濮阳457000 [3]生物质炼制技术与装备河南省工程实验室,郑州450001

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2023年第9期1592-1601,共10页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52006200);河南省杰出外籍科学家工作室资助项目(GZS2022007);南阳市协同创新重大专项(郑州大学南阳研究院)资助项目(22XTCX12007)。

摘　　要：炭基催化剂具有制备成本低、催化后处理简单等优点,但存在易积碳失活、产物选择性低等缺点,结合微波效应,可明显提高炭基催化剂的竞争力.本文对微波辅助炭基催化剂热解生物质的研究进展进行了现状综述.主要介绍了微波加热原理,吸波剂和催化剂对于微波热解的影响机制.分析了不同改性方法(金属负载法、化学法、磺化等)对炭基催化剂的孔隙结构、含氧官能团和酸性基团及催化反应产物特性的影响.总结了微波辅助改性炭基催化剂在焦油重整和改善生物质热解产物特性等方面的应用进展.本文对该研究方向存在的问题提出建议并进行展望,为基于微波催化热解作用下炭基催化剂的选择、改性和生物质高值化利用提供一定的参考.It is critical to discover a clean energy source to replace fossil fuels such as coal to meet the targets of“emission peak”and“carbon neutrality”in 2030 and 2060,respectively.Biomass is a kind of renewable energy that is rich in reserves and can be directly converted into fuel.Pyrolysis is a common way to maximize the value of biomass,and the composition and distribution of products can be adjusted by the addition of catalysts.Carbon-based catalysts have the advantages of low preparation costs and easy treatment after catalysis.However,they have the disadvantages of easy carbon deposition inactivation and low product selectivity.The competitiveness of carbon-based catalysts can be improved when combined with the microwave effect.Herein,the research status of microwave-assisted carbon-based catalysts for the pyrolysis of biomass is reviewed.This study primarily introduces the microwave heating theory principle as well as the microwave absorber and catalyst effect mechanisms on the microwave for pyrolysis.The limitations of metal catalysts and molecular sieve catalysts are analyzed,and the unique advantages of modified carbon-based catalysts in the field of microwave pyrolysis are proposed.Microwave heating uses microwave radiation to create heat in the internal particles of biomass;therefore,microwave pyrolysis has the advantages of a high heating rate,uniform heating,low energy loss,a high energy conversion rate,and instantaneous adjustment.The effects of different modification methods(metal loading method,chemical method,sulfonation,etc.)on the pore structure,oxygen-containing functional groups,and acidic groups of carbon-based catalysts and the characteristics of catalytic products are analyzed.Among them,the preparation method’s precipitation method is difficult to manage,and the repeatability is low.The impregnation method has the advantages of being an easy preparation process,being inexpensive,and having a large production capacity.The chemical process will remarkably alter the oxygen-containing g

关 键 词：炭基催化剂 生物质 微波催化热解 改性 高值化利用 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]