明代“辽东八站”经略与朝鲜使臣印象演变  

The Planning and Management of“the Eight Post Stations in Liaodong”of the Ming Dynasty and the Evolution of the Impression of Chosun Envoys

作　　者：赵宇[1] 刘晓东 ZHAO Yu;LIU Xiao-dong(School of History and Culture,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,Jilin,130024;School of History and Culture,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510631,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院,吉林长春130024 [2]华南师范大学历史文化学院,广东广州510631

出　　处：《史学集刊》2023年第3期89-101,共13页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：教育部重点研究基地重大项目“明清时期的周边认知与多民族统一国家建构”(16JJD770008);文化名家暨“四个一批”人才自主选题项目(1802006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：辽东八站作为中朝间交通要道,也是明、鲜、女真活动的边疆区,在明前期并未得到有效控御而未被纳入辽东防御体系。事实上,明初太祖皇帝对辽东八站“空其处”的措置方式源于洪武年间对外政策调整和经略辽东的具体实践,进而影响至整个明前期。朝鲜使臣在此使行情境中,衍生出了以辽东八站为“华夷大界”的印象元素,即便是成化以后该区域逐渐建立起完整的边疆防御体系和地方治理系统,并有大量中、朝人口流入,这一印象在思想层面上的影响依然深远,进而塑造了朝鲜使臣在文化认知上的“由夷进华”之路。万历时期镇江城设立后,在明朝对朝鲜“再造之恩”意识的影响下,辽东八站域内人、物在朝鲜使臣印象中“华”“礼”的形象才最终得以确立。Being the main traffic route between China and Chosun(Koryo),the eight post stations in Liaodong is also the frontier region where the Ming Dynasty,Chosun(Koryo)and Jurchen were active.In the early Ming Dynasty,the eight post stations were not effectively controlled and were independent of Liaodong defense system.As a matter of fact,Emperor Taizu's way of dealing with the eight stations in early Ming Dynasty originated from the adjustment of the overall foreign policy and the practices of managing Liaodong during Hongwu(洪武)period,thus affecting the regional situation in the whole early Ming Dynasty.From the uncharted and desolate road environment,the envoys of Chosun thought that the eight post stations is the“limit of Hua and Yi(华夷)”.Even after Chenghua(成化)period,a complete frontier defense system had been established gradually in this area,and a large number of Chinese and Chosun population flowed into the region,the above impression still had a far-reaching impact on the ideological level,which shaped the way of“entering China from Yi”in the cultural cognition of Chosun envoys.After the establishment of Zhenjiang(镇江)city in Wanli(万历)period,under the influence of Chosun's consciousness of“the grace of reinvention”by the Ming Dynasty in the Imjin War,the“Hua”and“Li”(etiquette)images of the people and things in the eight post stations of Liaodong were finally established in the impression of Chosun envoys.

关 键 词：辽东八站 连山关 朝鲜(高丽)使臣 镇东堡 镇江城 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] D829.312[历史地理—中国史]