熔纺超高分子量聚乙烯纤维初生丝制备及拉伸工艺  

Preparation and Drawing Process of Melt-spun Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Virgin Fibers

作　　者：张强[1] 王庆昭[2] 陈勇[2] Zhang Qiang;Wang Qingzhao;Chen Yong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学材料科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学化学与生物工程学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2023年第5期81-85,97,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：采用高流动性的超高分子量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)树脂为原料,使用转矩流变仪,采用熔体纺丝法成功制备出PE-UHMW初生丝纤维。实验结果表明,转矩流变仪三个加热区的温度分别为:1区160℃,2区230℃,3区270℃,单丝机头加热温度为260℃;螺杆转速为2 r/min,在此条件下,可以获得表面光滑且具有高倍拉伸性能的PEUHMW初生丝纤维。以获得最大拉伸倍率和最大拉伸强度的PE-UHMW纤维为目标,对熔体纺丝制备出的PEUHMW初生丝纤维进行一级超倍拉伸做了初步的研究,对影响纤维超倍拉伸的因素,如拉伸温度、拉伸介质、拉伸速度等进行了分析。扫描电子显微镜和电子万能试验机结果显示,相比于水浴,油浴条件下纤维可以获得更高的有效拉伸倍率和力学性能,纤维的结构更为均匀;拉伸温度在90℃附近时,纤维的最大拉伸倍率和力学性能最好;拉伸速度小于1 m/min情况下,纤维获得的最大拉伸倍率基本不变,当拉伸速度继续增加时,其最大拉伸倍率迅速下降。在最佳拉伸工艺条件下可制备出强度为1.2 GPa的PE-UHMW纤维。Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(PE-UHMW)virgin filament fibers were successfully prepared by the melt spinning method using high-fluidity PE-UHMW resin as raw material.The experimental results show that the temperatures of the three heating zones of the Torque rheometer are 160℃in zone 1,230℃in zone 2 and 270℃in zone 3,and the heating temperature of the monofilament head is 260℃;the screw speed is 2 r/min.Under these conditions,PE-UHMW virgin filament fibers with smooth surface and high tensile properties could be obtained.With the objective of obtaining PE-UHMW fibers with maximum tensile multiplicity and maximum tensile strength,a preliminary study was made on the first-level superfold stretching of PEUHMW virgin filament fibers prepared by melt spinning,and the factors affecting the superfold stretching of fibers,such as stretching temperature,stretching medium and stretching speed were analyzed.The results of scanning electron microscopy and electron universal testing machine show that the effective tensile multiplicity and mechanical properties of the fibers could be higher and the structure of the fibers is more uniform under the oil bath condition compared with the water bath.The maximum tensile multiplicity and mechanical properties of the fibers are best when the stretching temperature is around 90℃.The maximum tensile multiplicity obtained at a stretching speed less than 1 m/min is basically constant,and decrease rapidly when the stretching speed continue to increase.PE-UHMW fibers with a strength of 1.2 GPa are prepared under the best tensile process conditions obtained so far.

关 键 词：超高分子量聚乙烯纤维 熔体纺丝 拉伸工艺 

分 类 号：TQ342.61[化学工程—化纤工业]