热交换器泄漏故障虚拟感知方法研究  

Virtual sensing method for leakage fault of heat exchanger

作　　者：明迁 高逸 胡剑 李盛杰 王金江[3] MING Qian;GAO Yi;HU Jian;LI Shengjie;WANG Jinjiang(China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong,China;State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power Safety Monitoring Technology and Equipment,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong,China;College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中广核工程有限公司,广东深圳518000 [2]核电安全监控技术与装备国家重点实验室,广东深圳518000 [3]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《化工学报》2023年第4期1836-1846,共11页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52234007)。

摘　　要：核电行业工艺复杂程度与日俱增,而电站热交换器设备的安全监测仍停留在对性能参数的直接监测和间接表征,难以实现故障的准确诊断与预警。提出了一种热交换器泄漏故障虚拟感知方法,首先通过分析热交换器的泄漏机理及泄漏对性能指标和监测参数的影响规律,构建了针对换热管泄漏和法兰泄漏两种工况的虚拟传感推理模型,不仅能对泄漏状态、泄漏类型进行判断,还能实现对泄漏量的虚拟感知和对性能参数的直接表征。为了验证所提模型,搭建了热交换器泄漏故障实验装置,结果表明,该模型能够诊断出泄漏率1.80%的小泄漏量,对于不同的工况,其诊断误差不超过11.32%,具有较高的准确性和可靠性。The nuclear power industry is becoming more complex in terms of process.However,the safety monitoring of the shell and tube heat exchanger equipment in the power station still remains in the direct monitoring and indirect characterization of the performance parameters,and it is difficult to achieve accurate fault diagnosis and early warning.In this paper,a virtual sensing method for leakage fault of shell and tube heat exchanger is proposed.Firstly,by analyzing the leakage mechanism of shell and tube heat exchanger and the influence of leakage on performance indexes and monitoring parameters,a virtual sensing reasoning model for two working conditions of heat exchanger leakage and flange leakage is constructed.The model can not only judge the leakage state and leakage category,but also realize direct characterization of performance parameters.In order to verify the proposed model,a leakage fault test rig of shell and tube heat exchanger is built.The results show that the model can diagnose the leakage with a leakage rate of 1.8%,and its diagnosis error is no more than 11.32%for different working conditions,with high accuracy and reliability.

关 键 词：热交换器 泄漏 虚拟传感 状态监测 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TK172[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]