生物岩的分类  

Classification of biolith(biogenic rocks)

作　　者：吴亚生[1,2,3] WU Yasheng(Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Innovation Academy for Earth Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所新生代地质与环境重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国科学院地球科学研究院,北京100029 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《古地理学报》2023年第3期511-523,共13页Journal of Palaeogeography：Chinese Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:41972320);中国科学院战略性先导专项(编号:(B)XDB26000000)共同资助。

摘　　要：生物岩是新兴交叉学科生物岩石学的主要研究对象,是生物作用形成的岩石,主要包括生物礁岩、非造礁生物骨骼和泥晶组成的岩石、微生物骨骼组成的岩石、微生物作用形成的岩石。以往的生物礁和微生物岩分类系统只包括了一部分生物礁岩和微生物岩,尚有一部分宏体生物形成的岩石类型和微生物形成的岩石类型没有准确命名。为了促进生物岩的研究,作者提出一个包括生物礁岩、非造礁生物骨骼碳酸盐岩、微生物岩和其他微生物成因岩石的统一的生物岩分类系统,包括4个层级24种基本岩石类型。新增的基本岩石类型包括生物泥晶岩、微礁岩、微屑岩、包壳石、微骨架岩、微绑结岩、丝状岩、微泥晶岩等。作者还对部分岩石例如骨架岩等的定义进行了补充修正与完善,讨论了生物岩研究中存在的4个问题。Bioliths are the main research object of the new interdisciplinary biopetrology,are rocks formed by biological processes,including reef rocks,rocks composed of non-reef-building organisms and micrite,and rocks formed by microbial processes.Previously,reef rocks and microbialites were studied separately and not included in the same discipline.The classical classification system of reef rocks and microbialites only includes a part of reef rocks and microbialites,and some biolith types are not recognized and included.The incomplete classification of bioliths limited the research of bioliths.In this paper,a unified classification system of bioliths including reef rocks,non-reef-building skeletal carbonates,microbialites and other microbiogenic rocks is proposed.The new basic bioliths include biomicrite,microlithite,microbialite,microallolite,micromicrite,framelite,crustolite,wrapolite,and filalite.This classification of bioliths into 24 basic rock types in 4 levels may facilitate the study of bioliths.The author also modified and improved the definition of some rocks such as framestone and discussed some problems in the study of biolith.

关 键 词：生物岩石学 生物岩 微生物岩 微生物岩石 微礁岩 微屑岩 

分 类 号：P588.24+5[天文地球—岩石学]