叙事医学语境下中医学的仁爱精神  

The spirit of benevolence of traditional Chinese medicine in the context of narrative medicine

作　　者：王昊[1,2] 韩佳桐 王子旭 杜渐[1] 杨秋莉[1] 马月香[2] 王永炎[1] WANG Hao;HAN Jiatong;WANG Zixu;DU Jian;YANG Qiuli;MA Yuexiang;WANG Yongyan(Institute of Basic Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing100700;Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700 [2]山东中医药大学

出　　处：《现代中医临床》2023年第2期49-53,共5页Modern Chinese Clinical Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目资助(No.2019YFC1711705);中国中医科学院中医药“一带一路”合作专项(No.GH201804);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(No.CI2021A00705-2);中国中医科学院科技创新工程中医临床基础学科创新团队项目(No.CI2021B003)。

摘　　要：随着现代科技对医学的不断渗透,医务人员与患者对医学人文回归的呼唤也越来越热切,叙事医学应运而生。中国传统文化中的中医学中蕴含着叙事医学的萌芽,其中有着丰富的医学人文思想。仁爱精神的内涵包括亲亲、仁民、爱物、一体之仁4个层面。叙事医学通过倾听患者叙述、关注曾被忽视的情感因素、再现患者所讲,以达到与患者共情、建立关联和归属关系,关注人与人之间的关系,与中医学的仁爱精神相合。仁之发端源于与同类之间的相互理解,正是叙事医学所强调的共情思想。另一方面,推己及人的仁爱精神具有一定的层次性和差异性,推己及人体现了由自身出发,进而由内向外、由近向远地关爱他人的情感传递顺序。仁爱精神的最高境界是一体之仁。中医学仁爱精神与叙事医学精神,两者的本质内涵具有一定共通性。叙事医学具有丰富的哲学理论基础,而仁爱精神基于中华民族的传统智慧,在整体的自然医学模式和千年的实践经验基础之上,将对叙事医学在中国的本地化发展具有重要指导作用。With the continuous penetration of modern science and technology into medicine,medical staff and patients are calling more and more eagerly for the return of medical humanities,and narrative medicine comes into being.Traditional Chinese medicine contains the germination of narrative medicine,which is rich in medical humanistic thoughts.The connotation of the spirit of benevolence includes four levels:affinity,benevolence,love of things and benevolence.By listening to patients’narratives,paying attention to neglected emotional factors,and reproducing what patients have said,narrative medicine aims to empathize with patients,establish correlation and belonging relationship,and pay attention to the relationship between people,which is in line with the humane spirit of traditional Chinese medicine.The origin of benevolence comes from the mutual understanding between people of the same kind,which is the idea of empathy emphasized by narrative medicine.On the other hand,the love spirit of self and others has a hierarchy and difference,reflecting the emotional transmission sequence of starting from oneself,and then caring for others from inside to outside,from near to far.The highest level of benevolence is“integrated benevolence”.The essence of the spirit of benevolence and the spirit of narrative medicine share some similarities.Narrative medicine has a rich philosophical theoretical basis,and the spirit of benevolence,based on the traditional wisdom of the Chinese nation,on the basis of the overall natural medical model and thousands of years of practical experience,will play an important guiding role in the localized development of narrative medicine in China.

关 键 词：叙事医学 仁爱精神 儒道互补 后现代性 

分 类 号：R2-03[医药卫生—中医学]