广州市城市河流低水位运行生态修复理念与实践  

Ecological and practice of urban river low water level operation in Guangzhou City

作　　者：李明 陈文龙 吴琼[2] Li Ming;ChenWenlong;Wu Qiong

机构地区：[1]广东省广州市水务局,广州510640 [2]水利部珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院,广州510611

出　　处：《中国水利》2023年第9期31-35,共5页China Water Resources

基　　金：水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022064);珠江水利科学研究院科技创新自立项目([2022]YF005)。

摘　　要：在系统分析城市河流治理突出难题的基础上,研究了低水位运行下底泥污染物生化降解机理及河流生态构建原理,创新提出了城市河流低水位运行生态修复理念。相对于高水位,低水位运行使河道水体光照、溶解氧、水温和水动力等条件明显改善,显著提升泥-水界面好氧硝化效率,快速消除底泥黑臭,并驱动底泥深层厌氧反硝化效应,实现污染底泥碳、氮、硫等耗氧物质同步去除,从而将底泥从污染“源”转变为“汇”,有助于上覆水体净化。此外,低水位运行有利于营造洲-滩-槽多样化生境,构建更为复杂的河流生态系统,显著提升城市河流污染“免疫力”。Based on a systematic analysis of the outstanding problems in treating urban rivers,this paper studies the biochemical degradation mechanism of sediment pollutants in sediment under low water level operation,the concept of natural remediation of urban rivers under low water level operation was proposed.Low water level operation significantly improves conditions of light,dissolved oxygen,water temperature and hydrodynamic force,which enhances aerobic nitrification efficiency at the mud-water interface.This results in the black odor of sediment.Then drive the deep anaerobic denitrification effect of sediment to the simultaneous removal of carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and other oxygen-consuming substances from“source”to“sink”and facilitating the purification of overlying water.Moreover,low water level operation helps create a diversified habitat of continent-beach-trough and a more complex river ecosystem,significantly improving the urban river water ecosystem.

关 键 词：低水位运行 城市河流 污染底泥 自然修复 生态系统 

分 类 号：TV879[水利工程—水利水电工程]