人与自然的双重解放——论威廉·莱斯对控制自然观念的批判性重释  

The Dual Liberation of Humanity and Nature:On Leiss’s Critical Reinterpretation of the Concept of The Domination of Nature

作　　者：王冠三 赵卯生[1] WAGN Guansan;ZHAO Maosheng(School of Marxism,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学马克思主义学院,北京海淀100088

出　　处：《湖州师范学院学报》2023年第5期21-31,共11页Journal of Huzhou University

基　　金：北京高校中国特色社会主义理论研究协同创新中心(中国政法大学)、国家社科基金重大项目“新时代科学精神与工匠精神融合与实践创新研究”(21ZDA019)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为北美生态学马克思主义的奠基人之一,威廉·莱斯从根本上反对在以市场化取向为标准的资本主义经济制度内思考并解决环境问题,其独辟蹊径地从意识形态批判的角度指证出生态危机最深刻的根源在于资本主义社会控制自然的观念。以观念的历史演变所表达的社会主要矛盾之转换作为其方法论的主要前提,莱斯将马克思主义的自然观和历史唯物主义的阶级分析方法应用到控制自然观念和生态危机成因的剖析之上,对现代控制自然观念进行了批判性重释。新的控制自然应该表达为:领悟人与自然之间的辩证关系并对这种关系进行合理控制,从而实现人性与自然的双重解放。莱斯对控制自然的重释虽有其观念上的局限性,但对旨在实现人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化建设具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。As one of the founders of ecological Marxism in North America,William Leiss fundamentally opposes thinking about and solving environmental problems within the capitalist market-oriented economic system as the standard,and points out that the deep root of ecological crisis lies in the concept of the domination of nature in the capitalist society from the perspective of ideological criticism.Taking the transformation of the main social contradictions expressed in the historical evolution of ideas as the main premise of his methodology,Leiss applied the Marxist view of nature and the class analysis method of historical materialism to the analysis of the concept of the domination of nature and the causes of ecological crisis,and critically reinterpreted the modern concept of the domination of nature.The new domination of nature should be expressed as follows:understanding the dialectical relationship between humanity and nature and exercising reasonable control over this relationship,so as to achieve the dual liberation of humanity and nature.Leiss’s reinterpretation of the domination of nature has its conceptual limitations,but it has important theoretical significance and practical value for the Chinese path to modernization aiming to achieve the harmonious coexistence of humanity and nature.

关 键 词：威廉·莱斯 控制自然 生态危机 人与自然辩证关系 

分 类 号：B089.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论]