社会监督对农村生活污水治理水平的影响——来自江苏省的证据  

The impact of social supervision on household's sewage discharge behavior:Evidence from Jiangsu province

作　　者：苏敏[1] 樊鹏飞 张兰[1] 冯淑怡[2] SU Min;FAN Peng-fei;ZHANG Lan;FENG Shu-yi(College of Public Administration,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;China Resources,Environment and Development Academy,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学公共管理学院,南京210095 [2]南京农业大学中国资源环境与发展研究院,南京210095

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2023年第5期1349-1365,共17页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE0103100);江苏省农业农村厅农村社会事业促进处项目(066019134226);江苏省环境工程咨询中心项目(2018320122900437)。

摘　　要：社会监督作为多元主体参与农村环境治理的一种手段,能有效克服政府监管失灵并规范农户主体行为。将社会监督嵌入农村社会关系中,深入考察社会监督对规范农户乱排污水行为的作用机制,基于江苏省13个地级市的2335个微观农户,运用Probit模型回归分析得出:(1)社会监督能减少农户的乱排行为,主要体现在河道管护保洁队伍主体监督作用的发挥。(2)社会监督受到社会关系的调节,主要体现在村干部的监督作用受到干群关系的调节。当干群关系良好时,村干部监督能有效抑制农户的乱排行为;而当干群关系糟糕时,村干部监督反而会刺激农户乱排行为的发生。(3)对于不同类型的农户群体,仅有河道管护保洁队伍发挥的监督作用稳健存在。此外,在女性群体、低文化群体、低收入群体和老年群体中,社会监督的作用受到村民关系和管群关系的调节;而在男性群体、高文化群体、高收入群体和年轻群体中,社会监督的作用受到干群关系和村民主体间相互监督的调节。As a means for multiple subjects to participate in rural environmental governance,social supervision can effectively overcome failures of government supervision and regulate farmers'behavior.This study put social supervision in rural social relations and deeply examined the mechanisms of social supervision on regulating households'domestic sewage discharge behavior(HDSDB).By adopting the Binary Probit Model and conducting an empirical analysis based on the sample of 2335 households from 13 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu province,we found that:(I)Social supervision could reduce HDSDB,but this was mainly due to the river management teams'supervision.(2)Social relations moderated social supervision,mainly reflected in the supervision of village cadres being moderated by the cadre-farmer relations.Village cadres'supervision significantly decreased HDSDB only if the cadre-farmer relations were good.Otherwise,it significantly stimulated HDSDB.(3)It was robust that the river management teams'supervision significantly decreased HDSDB among different farmer groups according to the heterogeneity test.Moreover,for female,low literacy,low income,and elderly farmer groups,social supervision is moderated by farmer-farmer relations and river management team-farmer relations.However,social supervision is moderated by cadre-farmer relations and mutual supervision among rural households for males,high literacy,high income,and young groups.

关 键 词：社会监督 社会关系 调节作用 农村生活污水治理 农户生活污水排放行为 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]