动词因果蕴含义的互转  

SShift of causal implication in the interpretation of verb phrases

作　　者：谭景春[1,2] TAN Jingchun

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京 [2]中国社会科学院辞书编纂研究中心

出　　处：《中国语文》2023年第3期291-302,382,383,共14页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“面向新疆义务教育的语言资源数据库建设及应用研究”(20&ZD294)的资助。

摘　　要：本文讨论动词因果蕴含义的互转问题。有的动词可以用原因转指结果,有的动词可以用结果转指原因,从而造成动词词义的相互演变。动词因果蕴含义互转的语义特点是:有的动词字面义弱化,甚至消失,只表示原因或只表示结果;有的动词字面义保留,既表示原因也表示结果。因果推理是因果互转的大前提,词义因果潜质是因果互转的小前提。词义所蕴含的因果关系的强弱程度是能否发生因果互转的重要因素,强度越高可能性越大,强度越低可能性越小。可以把因果推理看作动词因果互转的总路径,而省略是某些动词因果互转的具体路径。因果互转具有具体、形象和委婉、含蓄的表达效果。This paper discusses the shift of implication between cause and effect in the interpretation of verb phrases.Some verb phrases describe a cause literally but refer to the effect de facto,while other verb phrases show the other way around.This results in the semantic shift between cause and effect in the interpretation.Via such semantic shifts,the literal meaning of certain verb phrases may be weakened or even dropped,expressing only the cause or the effect;Some may also keep the literal meaning,namely,with the connotation of both the cause and the effect preserved.The major precondition of such semantic shift lies in the causal inference in language processing.The semantic potential of causal shift expressed by the verb phrase is also a prerequisite.The stronger a causal relation is implied,the more likely a semantic shift would occur.Being more vivid and implicit in expression,the shift of causal implication in the interpretation of verb phrases can be realized mainly by causal inference and more specifically via ellipsis.

关 键 词：因果蕴含义 因果推理 因果潜质 大前提 小前提 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]