基于集群纳米机器技术和合成生命化学的动态人工细胞  

Dynamic artificial cells by swarm nanorobotics and synthetic life chemistry

作　　者：程晓雯 汪琛 刘东 廖玉婷 王彬 张雪 郑浩 卢元 Xiaowen Cheng;Chen Wang;Dong Liu;Yuting Liao;Bin Wang;Xue Zhang;Hao Zheng;Yuan Lu(Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis,Ministry of Education,Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Light Industry and Food Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis,Ministry of Education,Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [2]College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China [3]College of Light Industry and Food Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China [4]College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2023年第5期2090-2099,共10页中国科学（材料科学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21878173 and 22278241);the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0901700);the Institute Guo Qiang,Tsinghua University(2021GQG1016);the Department of Chemical Engineering-iBHE Joint Cooperation Fund。

摘　　要：人工细胞构筑在基础和应用生物技术研究中具有重要意义.然而,现有的人工细胞区室化的构建往往是静态的,与动态的自然细胞存在差距.基于此,我们通过前沿磁控纳米机器技术和无细胞转录-翻译溶液化学系统来构筑一个可编程控制的动态人工细胞.通过物理控制二维或三维磁场的方向、强度和频率,基于不同形态的DNA和磁性颗粒产生不同形貌的簇、链和片等区室化排列.这些不同形貌的动态人工细胞结构呈现出特殊的转录-翻译性能.集群机器人技术和合成生命化学的融合利用可为构筑富有想象力的人工细胞提供新的研究范式,并为生命过程的理解和颠覆性的生物应用提供重要支撑.Artificial cell mimicry is extremely valuable in basic and applied biotechnological research.However,the existing construction of artificial cell compartments is typically static,creating a distinction between them and the dynamic natural cells.Herein,we describe a programmable dynamic artificial cell model using swarm nanorobotics and cell-free synthetic transcription-translation solution chemistry.Under the physical control of two-or three-dimensional magnetic fields by varying the direction,strength,and frequency,diverse compartmentation configurations in clusters,chains,and sheets were produced with DNAs and magnetic particles of different morphologies.These diverse dynamic artificial cell architectures exhibit distinct transcription and translation activities.Using swarm robotics and synthetic life chemistry could provide a new paradigm to construct imaginative artificial cells and provide significant insights into the fundamental life processes and biological applications.

关 键 词：artificial cell COMPARTMENTALIZATION dynamic swarm nanorobotics synthetic life chemistry 

分 类 号：Q813[生物学—生物工程] TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]