被遗弃的神明:家庭信仰空间中的人神关系——基于广东东莞厦岗村的田野调查  

Abandoned Gods:Human-God Relations in the Household Religion Space:Based on a Field Survey in Xiagang Village,Dongguan,Guangdong

作　　者：麦蕴妍 吴重庆[1,2] MAI Yunyan;WU Chongqing

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系暨马克思主义哲学与中国现代化研究所,广东广州510275 [2]中山大学华南农村研究中心,广东广州510275

出　　处：《民俗研究》2023年第3期135-144,160,共11页Folklore Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“珠江三角洲民间宗教地理空间分布调查研究”(项目编号:13JJD720020)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在家庭神像崇拜流行的华南村落,有不少家庭神像被遗弃出家门、置于社坛及村庙边,呈现出特殊情况下人对神明的另类“处理”方式。以广东厦岗村为例,信众基于自身“自然”体验选择“请神”入户供奉,神明被“请”入家庭成为“长居客人”,与家庭建立亲密关系,但当神像与外部环境不和谐或家庭日常供奉秩序紊乱时,信众避讳谈论神明是否灵验,转而以感觉“不够自然”为由“送神”出户。“自然”与“不够自然”,是信众在家庭信仰空间中对“请神”与“送神”行为的普遍性解释,体现出人们在处理人神关系时的谨慎态度。In villages of southern China,where family idol worship is popular,many family idols have been abandoned outside the household and placed at community altars and village temples,presenting alternative ways of"dealing with"the gods under special circumstances.In Xiagang village,Guangdong,for example,believers choose to"invite"the gods into their households for worship based on the"Natural"experience,and the gods are"invited"into their homes as"Long-Term Guests".However,when the gods are not in harmony with the external environment or when the daily sacred practices of the family are in disorder,the believers avoid talking about whether the gods are spiritual or not,preferring to"send them away"on the grounds that they feel"Not Natural Enough"."Natural"/"Not Natural Enough"is the common interpretation of"inviting"and"sending"the gods by believers in the household belief space,which reflects the cautious attitude and the small-scale initiative of people in dealing with the relationship between the human and the gods.

关 键 词：家庭神像 神像崇拜 人神关系 家庭信仰空间 民间信仰 

分 类 号：B933[哲学宗教—宗教学]