骨质疏松症筛查方法的研究进展  

Advance in osteoporosis screening methods

作　　者：郭培栋 吴炯林 丁悦[1] Guo Peidong;Wu Jionglin;Ding Yue(Department of Orthopaedics,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 520120,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院骨外科,广州520120

出　　处：《中华内分泌代谢杂志》2023年第4期372-376,共5页Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

摘　　要：骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)已成为影响人类健康的常见慢性病,严重危害老年人群的生命健康。我国面临着骨质疏松症发病率高,筛查率、诊断率、治疗率"三低"的防治困境,其症结在于缺乏便捷、有效的骨质疏松症筛查方法。OP的诊断"金标准"DXA技术存在诸如设备昂贵、辐射、社区拥有率低等缺陷,故无法用于OP的广泛筛查。我国指南推荐的OP筛查工具包括国际骨质疏松基金会(International Osteoporosis Foundation,IOF)一分钟测试题、亚洲人骨质疏松自我筛查工具(osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians,OSTA)、骨折风险预测工具(fracture risk assessment tool,FRAX®)、骨定量超声技术(quantitative ultrasound,QUS)等。近年来,新型超声骨密度仪、数字X线成像(digital X-ray radiogrammetry,DXR)和机会性定量计算机断层摄像(opportunistic quantitative computed tomography,opportunistic QCT)技术在OP筛查领域展现出潜力。本文将对上述筛查工具的应用及研究进展作逐一综述,以期提升OP的筛查率,助力OP"广知晓、早诊断、早治疗"的三级防控机制。Osteoporosis has become a common chronic disease which seriously endangers the health of the elderly.China is facing high incidence of osteoporosis along with"three low"rates of screening,diagnosis,and treatment,the crux of which lies in the lack of convenient and effective screening methods for osteoporosis.DXA,the gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis,has many setbacks such as expensive,radiation,and low accessibility in community,etc.which limits its application in large scale screening.The community screening methods for osteoporosis recommended by national guidelines are IOF one-minute test,osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians(OSTA),fracture risk assessment tool(FRAX®),and quantitative ultrasound(QUS).In recent years,digital X-ray radiogrammetry(DXR)and opportunistic quantitative computed tomography(QCT)have also shown great potential in osteoporosis screening.This article reviews the application and research progress of the above screening methods,with the aim of improving the screening rate and contributing to the tertiary prevention and control mechanism of"wide awareness,early diagnosis and early treatment"of osteoporosis.

关 键 词：骨质疏松症 筛查工具 骨定量超声 数字X线成像 机会性定量计算机断层摄像 

分 类 号：R580[医药卫生—内分泌]