从自然口语的句法合作共建看汉语话题  

A Study on Topic:From the Perspective of Syntactic Collaborative Construction in Mandarin Conversation

作　　者：张耘鸣 方梅[1,2] ZHANG Yunming;FANG Mei

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学,102488 [2]中国社会科学院语言研究所,100372

出　　处：《汉语学报》2023年第2期19-31,共13页Chinese Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“汉语自然口语对话的互动语言学研究”(编号:20&ZD295)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文观察到,在汉语自然口语对话中,说话人有合作共建谓语的表现,此时有赖于对言谈话题的识别,以此本文讨论了言谈话题在自然口语对话中的典型表现。依据全局性言谈话题和局部性言谈话题在对话进程中的不同表现,本文区分出了三种言谈话题的推进方式,包括链式推进、层次推进和框架推进,并分别讨论了说话人识别言谈话题依据的语言资源。最后,本文还对句首时间词是否应当被视为主语的问题进行了探讨。This paper discusses the syntactic collaborative construction,especially subject-predicate construction co-constructed by different speakers in naturally occurring Chinese conversation.It argues that speakers are able to recognize topic in the conversation.Based on that,the paper discusses the typical performance of topic in Mandarin conversation.On the basis of the performance of main topic and partial topic,three topic progression patterns can be distinguished,including chain progression pattern,layer progression pattern and frame progression pattern.In addition,speakers use different linguistic sources to recognize topic in different patterns.Finally,this paper also discusses if the time word occurring at the beginning of a sentence should be analyzed as a subject.

关 键 词：话题 合作共建 自然口语对话 主语 时间词 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]