1961—2021年江西省气象干旱时空分布特征  

Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Meteorological Drought in Jiangxi Province from 1961 to 2021

作　　者：辛佳洁 赵冠男[1] 黄子立 罗少华[1] Xin Jiajie;Zhao Guannan;Huang Zili;Luo Shaohua(Jiangxi Provincial Climate Center,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省气候中心,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《气象与减灾研究》2023年第1期9-17,共9页Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research

基　　金：2021年江西省气象局指导性科研计划项目(编号:ZDX2021004);2022年江西省气象局灾害风险普查项目(编号:JX2022ZHFXPC15)。

摘　　要：基于1961—2021年江西省93个国家气象站逐日气温和降水资料,采用修订后的气象干旱综合监测指数(MCI)进行干旱过程识别,分别对江西省单站、区域干旱过程的频次和累积强度的时空特征进行了分析。结果表明:1)江西省单站干旱过程发生频次范围为0.57—2.08次/a,干旱过程年均累积强度范围为-171.9—-35.2,整体空间分布不均,呈“南多北少、南强北弱”的特征,赣南地区干旱频次高、强度强,赣北南部的干旱发生频次和强度则较少较弱。2)夏、秋季是江西省干旱发生最频繁、累积强度最强和中旱、重旱及以上等级的累积强度最强的季节,春季其次,冬季最次,不同季节的空间分布特征有所差异。3) 1961—2021年江西省区域干旱过程的发生频次(范围为0—4次/a)随年份增加没有明显的变化趋势,但年干旱过程累积强度(范围为-260.9—0)出现显著增强趋势,增加速率为3.9 (10 a)^(-1),但均未发生突变。Based on the daily temperature and precipitation data of 93 national meteorological stations in Jiangxi Province from 1961 to 2021,the drought process through the revised meteorological drought composite index(MCI) of Jiangxi Climate Center was identified,and the spatial and temporal characteristics of drought frequency and drought cumulative intensity of a single station and regions in Jiangxi Province were analyzed respectively.The results showed that the drought process frequency of a single station in Jiangxi varied from 0.57 to 2.08 times/year,and the average annual cumulative intensity of drought process varied from-171.9 to-35.2.The overall spatial distribution was characterized by more in the south and less in the north,and stronger in the south and weaker in the north.The average annual drought assessment results in southern Jiangxi presented mostly high-frequency and high intensity,while those in northern and southern Jiangxi were less and weaker.The highest frequent occurrence of drought and the strongest cumulative intensity of moderate drought,severe drought and above in Jiangxi Province were mainly happened in summer and autumn,followed by spring and winter.The spatial distribution characteristics were different during four seasons.The frequency(range:0-4 times/year) of the regional drought process in Jiangxi Province from 1961 to 2021 exhibited no obvious variations with the increase of the year,but the cumulative intensity of the annual drought process(range:-260.9-0) showed a significant increase trend,with an increase rate of 3.9(10 a)^(-1).

关 键 词：气象干旱 综合监测指数 时空分布 江西省 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]