钝化材料组合对酸性土壤镉铅砷和中微量元素有效性的影响  

Effects of Combined Amendments on the Availability of Cadmium,Lead,Arsenic and Trace Elements in Acidic Soils

作　　者：周青云 王辉 许超[2] 武美燕[1] 罗尊长[3] 张泉 朱奇宏[2] 朱捍华[2] 黄道友[2] ZHOU Qingyun;WANG Hui;XU Chao;WU Meiyan;LUO Zunchang;ZHANG Quan;ZHU Qihong;ZHU Hanhua;HUANG Daoyou(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434022;Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions,Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125;Institute of Soils and Fertilizers of Hunan Province,Changsha 410125)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434022 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室/中国科学院长沙农业环境观测研究站,长沙410125 [3]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第14期33-40,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题,“有色冶炼场地土壤-地下水协同修复技术与工程示范-有色场地土壤多金属同步固化/钝化长效修复技术”(2019YFC1803602);国家自然科学基金“水稻关键生育期氮运筹对镉吸收的调控机制”(42177025);湖南省高新技术产业科技创新引领计划项目“农业水土环境重金属削减与安全生产关键技术研究及应用”(2020NK2001)。

摘　　要：采用土壤培养试验的方法,研究了在同等剂量下(6 g/kg土)海泡石(S)、铁锰矿粉(F)和生物炭(B)及其组合对酸性土壤镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、砷(As)、锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)有效性的影响,以期筛选出同步钝化酸性土壤镉铅砷且对中微量元素锌铁锰有效性影响小的钝化材料组合。结果表明:海泡石、铁锰矿粉、生物炭及其组合均在一定程度上提高了土壤pH,降低了土壤中Cd、Pb和As的有效态含量,组合处理降低了土壤Cd、Pb和As有效性的效果均优于单施处理。3种钝化材料及其组合在一定程度上降低了土壤中Zn的有效态性,3种钝化材料及其大多数组合降低了土壤Fe和Mn有效性。S_(5)F_(1)B_(0)组合同步钝化土壤Cd、Pb和As效率均较高,该处理土壤有效态Cd、有效态Pb、有效态As和有效态Zn含量比CK分别降低了30.9%、84.5%、60.2%和32.5%,有效态Mn含量上升了19.9%。土壤中有效态Cd、Pb、Zn和Mn含量与pH均显著负相关。S_(5)F_(1)B_(0)组合同步钝化复合污染土壤Cd、Pb、As的效率均较高,可适当提高土壤Mn的有效性,应用时需适当补充Zn元素。Screening out combined amendments,which can simultaneous immobilize cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),arsenic(As)and have little effect on the availability of medium and trace elements,can provide a scientific basis for the remediation the acidic multi-heavy metals contaminated soil.A soil culture experiment was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of sepiolite(S),ferro-manganese ore powder(F)and biochar(B)and their combinations on the availability of Cd,Pb,As,zinc(Zn),iron(Fe)and manganese(Mn)in acidic multi-heavy metals contaminated soil at the same dose(6 g/kg soil).The results showed that sepiolite,Fe-Mn ore powder,biochar and their combinations increased soil pH and decreased the available concentrations of Cd,Pb and As in soil.The effectiveness of combined treatments on reducing the availability of Cd,Pb and As was better than that of single treatments.The three amendment materials and their combinations reduced the availability of Zn to a certain extent,and the three amendment materials and most of their combinations reduced the availability of Fe and Mn.The efficiency of simultaneous immobilization of Cd,Pb and As by S_(5)F_(1)B_(0) combination was relatively high.Compared with the control,the concentration of available Cd,Pb,As,and Zn in soil treated with S_(5)F_(1)B_(0) was reduced by 30.9%,84.5%,60.2% and 32.5%,respectively,while the concentration of available Mn was increased by 19.9%.The concentration of available Cd,Pb,Zn,and Mn were significantly negatively correlated with pH.The combination of S_(5)F_(1)B_(0) had a high efficiency of simultaneous immobilization of Cd,Pb,and As in the multi-heavy metals contaminated soil,which could appropriately improve the Mn availability,and Zn should be properly supplied when the combination is applied.

关 键 词：钝化材料 镉 铅 砷 中微量元素 有效性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]