生活环境的公共卫生治理要点  

Key points of public health management of living environment

作　　者：刘泉宏 王彬 王冬明 马继轩 周敏 郭彦君 陈卫红[1] 邬堂春[1] LIU Quanhong;WANG Bin;WANG Dongming;MA Jixuan;ZHOU Min;GUO Yanjun;CHEN Weihong;WU Tangchun(Department of Occupational and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health of Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,教育部环境与健康重点实验室,武汉430030

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2023年第5期497-502,共6页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“公共卫生环境治理”2022-XBZD-18-04。

摘　　要：人口聚集程度和人类生活需求的不断提高以及生活环境的改善和治理措施的施行相对滞后,导致人类生活环境发生一定程度的恶化,并严重影响居民的身心健康。随着生态文明理念和《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》等政策文件的推行和实施,中国居民生活环境得到了极大程度的改善,但仍面临治理不平衡、不充分、不彻底、不可持续等问题。本文根据新时代下中国在新发展格局和生态文明建设方面的布局,分别从农村垃圾收运处置、生活污水规范化治理、厕所革命和厨房革命,城镇大气污染治理、垃圾分类和污水整治方面梳理了生活环境治理中存在的重点问题并提出相应的治理要点,为制定相关政策提供参考,以提高人民生活品质、增进民生福祉和保障人民健康。The increasing concentration of the population and the growing demands of human life,coupled with the relatively lagging implementation of environmental improvement and control measures,have led to a certain degree of deterioration in the living environment,seriously affecting the physical and mental health of residents.With the promotion and implementation of the ecological civilization concept and policy documents such as the"Healthy China 2030"planning outline,the living environment of Chinese residents has been significantly improved,but still faces problems such as unbalanced,insufficient,incomplete,and unsustainable governance.Based on the layout of China's new development pattern and ecological civilization construction in the new era,this paper reviews the key issues in living environment management from the perspectives of rural waste collection and disposal,standardized treatment of domestic sewage,toilet revolution,and kitchen revolution,urban air pollution control,waste sorting,and sewage treatment,and puts forward corresponding management points to provide a reference for formulating relevant policies,improving the quality of life of the people,promoting people's well-being,and ensuring public health.

关 键 词：生活环境 公共卫生治理 城镇环境 农村环境 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]