基于德尔菲法评估2010—2022年我国控烟现状与MPOWER要求差距  

The gap between MPOWER measures and the implementation of tobacco control interventions in China from 2010 to 2022:a Delphi study

作　　者：许晴晴 严永富 刘世炜[1] XU Qingqing;YAN Yongfu;LIU Shiwei(Tobacco Control Office,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心控烟办公室,北京100050

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2023年第3期168-173,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1310902);烟草流行监测和控烟综合干预(2100409);中国疾病预防控制中心科研项目(JY22-3-09)。

摘　　要：目的 评估2010—2022年我国七大类控烟措施实施情况与MPOWER措施要求间的差距。方法 在查阅文献的基础上,梳理我国2010—2022年已实施的控烟措施及MPOWER系列措施要求,参考《烟草控制量表2019》制定专家函询问卷。经过两轮专家咨询,综合分析11位专家的评分及意见,获得我国控烟现状与MPOWER措施间的差距值,以10分计,差距非常大为0分,极小为10分。采用Excel 2016和SPSS26.0软件进行统计分析,专家的一般情况等描述性分析以频数和百分数表示;专家积极系数以问卷的有效回收率表示;专家权威程度以权威系数(Cr)表示,专家意见协调程度以变异系数(coefficient of variation, CV)和肯德尔和谐系数(Kendall’s W)表示,并对Kendall’s W进行χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果 两轮专家咨询调查专家积极系数均为100%,Cr均值为0.83,第1轮和第2轮的七项控烟措施CV均值分别为0.46和0.23, Kendall’s W分别为0.27 (χ^(2)=18.01, P=0.006)和0.57 (χ^(2)=37.65, P <0.01)。最终确定开展控烟宣传活动、禁止烟草营销、提高烟草税、防止向未成年人销售烟草、提供戒烟帮助、全面无烟环境立法和烟草包装健康警示七类控烟措施的差距值分别为5.23、 4.98、 4.78、 4.72、4.25、3.79、2.48。结论 我国控烟措施实施现状与MPOWER要求间差距均较大,相对而言,开展控烟宣传活动差距最小,烟草包装健康警示差距最大,MPOWER系列控烟措施在我国亟需进一步实施和完善。Objective To evaluate the gap between MPOWER measures and the implementation of seven major tobacco control interventions in China from 2010 to 2022 using the Delphi method.Methods We conducted literature review to summarize MPOWER measures and tobacco control interventions that have been implemented in China from 2010 to 2022,and developed an expert consultation questionnaire based on the Tobacco Control Scale 2019.After two rounds of expert consultation,opinions and suggestions were collected from 11 experts and analyzed to determine the gaps between MPOWER measures and the status quo of tobacco control in China.The gap was scored by 10 points,with 0 indicating a huge gap and 10 a small gap.Statistical analyses were performed with Excel 2016 and SPSS 26.0.Descriptive statistics,including the baseline characteristics of the consulted experts,were expressed in frequencies and percentages.The participation coefficient was expressed as the proportion of valid questionnaires,the degree of authority as the authority coefficient(Cr),and the consistency of expert opinions as coefficient of variation(CV)and Kendall’s Wcoefficient.χ^(2) test was performed for Kendall’s W,and a two-sided P<0.05 was used to determine statistical significance.Results The participation coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were both 100%.The mean Cr was 0.83.The mean CV for seven tobacco control interventions in the first and second rounds of expert consultation were 0.46 and 0.23,respectively;the Kendall’s W coefficients were 0.27(χ^(2)=18.01,P=0.006)and 0.57(χ^(2)=37.65,P<0.01).The final average scores of the gaps in mass media campaigns,marketing restrictions,tax increases,youth access restrictions,cessation treatment programs,smoke-free air laws and tobacco package health warnings were 5.23,4.98,4.78,4.72,4.25,3.79,and 2.48,respectively.Conclusions In general,there are wide gaps between the status quo of tobacco control measures in China and MPOWER measures,with the smallest gap observed in mass media campaigns a

关 键 词：控烟措施 MPOWER 差距 德尔菲法 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]