流动的责任边界:基层政府的业务与政治  

Fluid Boundaries of Responsibility:The Business and Politics of Grassroots Government

作　　者：潘桐 PAN Tong(Center for Studies of Sociological Theory and Method,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心

出　　处：《社会》2023年第3期135-161,共27页Chinese Journal of Sociology

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(21XNH145)的支持。

摘　　要：本文以一起“非正常上访”的事件过程为研究案例,探讨了基层政府责任边界的变化以及相关行动策略的产生。基层政府具有“业务部门”和“政治单位”的双重角色面向,其行为逻辑也不同——前者适用理性官僚制,清晰的任务边界设计在实践过程中使得基层政府责任边界模糊,为其规避风险留有制度空间;后者适用于政治统合制,模糊的任务边界设计反而迫使基层政府重新清晰其责任边界,展现出担当的一面。基层政府受两种制度逻辑的影响,责任边界呈现出“流动性”的特征,其行为也从“风险规避”向“风险担当”转化。本文使用“流动的责任边界”作为分析框架,强调情境变化和基层政府的双重角色面向在其行为塑造过程中的作用,以此对话和发展已有的基层政府责任研究。This article takes an“abnormal petition”incident as a case study to explore the changes in the responsibility boundary of grassroots governments and the emergence of relevant action strategies.The research finds that grassroots governments have a dual role orientation of“business department”and“political unit”,and their respective behavioral logics are also different.The former suits for a rational bureaucracy,and its design of clear task boundaries causes the ambiguity of the responsibility boundaries of grassroots governments in practice,leaving institutional space for their risk avoidance strategies.The latter applies to the political integration,and its blurred task boundary design in fact forces grassroots governments to re-clarify their responsibility boundaries and enforce their sense of responsibility.Affected by the logic of the two systems,the responsibility boundary of grassroots governments exhibits the characteristic of“fluidity”,and governments’behaviors have also shifted from“risk avoidance”to“risk taking”.Rational bureaucracy and political integration determine the dual role orientation of“business-politics”of grassroots governments,which in turn affects the fluidity of the responsibility boundary.Therefore,changes of events in the governance context become the trigger mechanism.In this case study,the incident was initially just a homestead dispute.However,according to the logic of rational bureaucracy,the local government avoided the responsibility to resolve the dispute by diverting the case to the Bureau of Justice and the Bureau of Health.When the petitioner’s appeal to the Bureaus failed,her journey of petitioning began.Since the incident has now transformed from an administrative incident to a petition case,the responsibility boundary of the local government has changed,and the political integration system began to play a major role.As a result,the local government takes on the responsibility of dealing with petition cases using tactics of appeasement,strict p

关 键 词：基层政府责任边界 理性官僚制 政治统合制 业务部门 政治单位 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]