机构地区:[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心结核病防治研究所监测科,贵州贵阳550004
出 处:《中国公共卫生》2023年第5期633-638,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health
基 金:贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(gzwkj2021-398)。
摘 要:目的了解贵州省2011—2020年结核杆菌/艾滋病病毒(TB/HIV)双重感染流行情况,为TB/HIV双重感染防控工作提供参考依据。方法对贵州省2011—2020年9个市州的TB/HIV双重感染防治资料的登记报告率、双向筛查率、三间分布、治疗及转归情况进行描述性统计分析,对时间动态变化趋势进行趋势χ^(2)检验分析。结果贵州省2011—2020年双重感染患者年均登记报告率为0.88/10万,总体呈波动上升趋势(P<0.05)。症状筛查率平均为85.89%(198785/231444),胸片或痰检筛查率平均为70.02%(162052/231444),诊断TB的检出率平均为0.91%(2103/231444),呈逐年下降趋势(P<0.05);HIV抗体检测率平均为89.89%(360993/401572),HIV阳性检出率平均为0.29%(1039/360993),P<0.05。2019年双重感染患者达到最多(472例),2011年最低(178例);≥15岁男性占绝大多数;遵义市双重感染患者数最多,其次是黔南州、安顺市,黔西南州最少。TB/HIV双重感染共检出3142例,治疗2820例,治疗率为89.75%;同时抗病毒和抗结核治疗、单纯抗病毒治疗、单纯抗结核治疗的治疗率分别为65.75%(2066/3142)、7.70%(242/3142)、16.29%(512/3142)。结论贵州省双重感染筛查工作还需进一步做到系统、规范,双向筛查率有待提高,不断提高治疗依从性与成功治疗率,关注重点人群和地区。Objective To examine the prevalence of tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus(TB/HIV)co-infection in Guizhou province during 2011–2020 for providing evidence to prevention and control of the dual infection.Methods The information on all registered TB,HIV/AIDS patients and the patients with dual infection of TB and HIV during the 10-year period were collected from a TB/HIV co-infection screening and management program conducted across the province.Describe statistics was performed on the extracted data and trend chi-square test was used to assess temporal variation in the co-infection prevalence.Results Of the 231444 registered HIV/AIDS patients,85.89%(n=198785)and 70.02%(n=162052)had symptom and chest radiograph/sputum smear screening for TB;the prevalence rate of TB was 0.91%among all the registered HIV/AIDS patients and the annual prevalence rate showed a downward trend(P<0.05).For a total of 401572 registered TB patients,89.89%(n=360993)had HIV antibody test and HIV antibody positive rate was 0.29%among the TB patients detected.The screening tests resulted in an average annual prevalence rate of 0.88/100000 for dual infection with TB and HIV among all registered TB and HIV/AIDS patients in the province during the period and the rate showed an upward trend(P<0.05).The number of co-infected patients was the highest in 2019(n=472)and the lowest in 2011(n=178).The majority of the co-infected patients were males aged≥15 years and the patients distributed unevenly across the prefectures in the province.Of all the co-infected patients(n=3142),2820(89.75%)received treatments and the proportion of the patients receiving therapy of anti-TB and HIV,anti-HIV alone,and anti-TB alone were 65.75%(n=2066),7.7%(n=242),and 16.29%(n=512),respectively.Conclusion The screening on dual infection of TB and HIV needs to be improved among TB and HIV/AIDS patients and medication compliance of the co-infected patients should be promoted simultaneously,especially among the population in the regions with a higher risk of the co-inf
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