2278例儿童呼吸道异物回顾性分析  

Retrospective Analysis of Respiratory Foreign Bodies in 2278 Children

作　　者：龙美元[1] Long Meiyuan(Department of Medical Affairs,Hunan Children's Hospital,Changsha 410007,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省儿童医院医务部,湖南省长沙市410007

出　　处：《中国病案》2023年第4期57-59,共3页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的本研究通过回顾性分析儿童呼吸道异物患儿的流行病学特征,进一步分析儿童异物逐年收治情况、发生异物儿童年龄、季节、部位等之间的关系,探索降低儿童呼吸道异物伤害发生的预防策略。方法收集2016年1月1日—2020年12月31日期间在某儿童医院收治的2278名儿童呼吸道异物患儿的住院病案首页数据。结果儿童呼吸道异物住院患儿呈逐年减少;1岁以下患儿203例,占8.91%;1岁~3岁患儿1831例、占80.38%,4岁~6岁患儿141例、占6.19%,6岁及以上患儿103例,占4.52%;男性患儿1510例,男女比例为1.96:1,冬春季节发病患儿数占总人数62.51%。结论儿童呼吸道异物发生具有明显性别、年龄、季节分布、部位特征,加强对家长的健康宣教,引导其对幼儿期进行预防,特别注意春节假期时期,预防花生、瓜子等坚果类食物发生异物进入气道的事故。Objectives This study retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of children with respiratory foreign bodies,further analyzed the relationship among the year by year treatment of children with foreign bodies,the age,season and location of children with foreign bodies,and explored the prevention strategy to reduce the incidence of respiratory foreign bodies in children.Methods From January 1st,2016 to December 31st,2020,data of 2278 children with respiratory foreign body in a children's hospital were collected.Results The number of hospitalized children with respiratory foreign body decreased year by year.There were 203 children under 1 year old,accounting for 8.91%;There were 1831 children aged 1-3 years old,accounting for 80.38%;141 children aged 4-6 years old,accounting for 6.19%;103 children aged 6 years and above,accounting for 4.52%;There were 1510 male children,with a male to female ratio of 1.96:1,and the number of children with winter and spring accounted for 62.51%of the total number.Conclusions The occurrence of foreign bodies in children's respiratory tract had obvious characteristics of gender,age,seasonal distribution and location.Health education for parents should be strengthened to guide the prevention of foreign bodies in early childhood.Special attention should be paid to the prevention of foreign bodies in peanut,melon seeds and other nut foods entering the airway during the Spring Festival holiday.

关 键 词：儿童 呼吸道异物 流行病学特征 健康宣教 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]