不同干扰强度下三江平原湿地土壤活性有机碳及酶活性对冻融作用的响应  

Response of Soil Active Organic Carbon Fractions and Soil Enzyme Activities to Freeze-Thaw With Different Disturbance Intensity Wetland of the Sanjiang Plain

作　　者：孟遥 刘传山 王雪乔 李广宇 赵晨晨[1] 李富[1] MENG Yao;LIU Chuanshan;WANG Xueqiao;LI Guangyu;ZHAO Chenchen;LI Fu(The Faculty of Science,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154007;Shandong Linyi No.1 Middle School,Linyi,Shandong 251500)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学理学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]山东省临邑第一中学,山东临邑251500

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第9期54-63,共10页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31670489);佳木斯大学青年基金资助项目(Lq2013-034);佳木斯大学区域特色专项资助项目(2020JDQYZX01);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(201910222094)。

摘　　要：以三江平原洪河国家自然保护区内小叶章湿地(undisturbed Deyeuxia purpurea wetland,UDAW)、受干扰的小叶章湿地(disturbed Deyeuxia purpurea wetland,DDAW)以及小叶章湿地开垦的水稻田(rice paddy,RP)表层0~10 cm土壤为试材,采用野外原位监测方法,研究了季节性冻融作用对不同干扰强度湿地土壤活性有机碳及酶活性的影响,以期为科学评估三江平原土壤的固碳潜力提供参考依据。结果表明:在秋季冻融期,UDAW、DDAW和RP 3种湿地土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)含量分别增加了6.2%~30.3%、3.9%~33.2%和18.4%~40.1%,微生物量碳(MBC)含量分别降低了2.9%~28.1%、6.6%~26.1%和1.4%~20.2%;纤维素酶、淀粉酶和蔗糖酶分别降低了10.7%~35.7%、11.2%~42.3%和9.8%~32.2%。在冻融阶段,冻融作用增加了DOC、MBC含量和3种酶活性。3种湿地土壤DOC、MBC和酶活性的变化量均为UDAW>DDAW>RP,且秋季冻融作用大于春季。冻融作用降低了土壤酶活性,且对纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性的影响为UDAW>DDAW>RP,而对蔗糖酶则表现为DDAW>UDAW>RP。3种酶活性均表现出秋季冻融作用大于春季。方差分析显示,冻融温度和次数显著影响土壤活性有机碳组分和酶活性,其中冻融次数为主要影响因素,冻融温度为次要因素。Taking the 0-10 cm surface soil of undisturbed Deyeuxia purpurea wetland(UDAW)in Honghe National Nature Reserve,disturbed Deyeuxia purpurea(DDAW)and rice paddy(RP)outside the Honghe National Nature Reserve in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China as test materials,the effects of seasonal freeze-thaw effects on soil active organic carbon and enzyme activities in wetland with different disturbance intensities were studied by in-situ monitoring method,in order to provide reference for scientific evaluation of soil carbon sequestration potential in Sanjiang Plain.The results showed that during autumn freezing-thawing period,soil soluble organic carbon(DOC)content in UDAW,DDAW and RP wetlands increased by 6.2%-30.3%,3.9%-33.2%and 18.4%-40.1%.Microbial biomass carbon(MBC)content decreased by 2.9%-28.1%,6.6%-26.1%and 1.4%-20.2%.Cellulase,amylase and sucrase decreased by 10.7%-35.7%,11.2%-42.3%and 9.8%-32.2%,respectively.DOC,MBC content and three kinds of enzyme activity increased during the freeze-thaw.DOC,MBC content and enzyme activities were UDAWDDAWRP,and the effect of freeze-thaw in autumn was greater than that in spring.The activities of three soil enzymes were decreased by freeze-thaw action and cellulase and amylase activities were UDAWDDAWRP,while sucrase was DDAWUDAWRP.The activity of the three enzymes showed that the freeze-thaw effect in autumn was greater than that in spring.The results of variance analysis showed that the freezing and thawing numbers and temperature had significant effects on soil active organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities,and the freezing and thawing number was the main factors,while temperature was the secondary factor.

关 键 词：季节冻融 不同类型湿地 土壤活性有机碳 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]