农田氮磷流失特征及影响因素研究  

Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Farmland and the Influencing Factors

作　　者：常珺枫 刘莹 李陈 骆美 马友华[1] CHANG Junfeng;LIU Ying;LI Chen;LUO Mei;MA Youhua(Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention and Control of Anhui Province,College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036)

机构地区：[1]农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第15期69-75,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农村农业部农业资源环境保护项目“全国农田氮磷流失等监测评价”(No.13210091)。

摘　　要：农田氮磷流失是农业面源污染主要来源之一,对水体富营养化具有较强的风险,农田氮磷流失特征研究可以为农业面源污染的控制和治理等提供依据。本研究综述了农田氮磷的流失途径、形态、浓度和流失量研究,并分析了施肥、降雨、耕作方式、种植结构、农田排水口和田间沟渠等对农田氮磷流失的影响。现代农业新栽培方式、种养结合模式等对农田氮磷流失的影响还有待更加深入研究。Nitrogen and phosphorus loss from farmland is one of the main sources of agricultural non-point source pollution,which can result in a high risk of water eutrophication.The study on the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farmland will provide a basis for the control and treatment of agricultural nonpoint source pollution.This paper summarized the loss of farmland nitrogen and phosphorus from the way,the form,the concentration and the amount,and analyzed the influence of fertilization,rainfall,cultivation method,planting structure,field drains,field ditches,etc.on the characteristics of farmland nitrogen and phosphorus loss.The effects of new cultivation methods of modern agriculture and the combination of planting and rearing on nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farmland require further research.

关 键 词：农田 氮磷流失 施肥 降雨 面源污染 

分 类 号：S19[农业科学—农业基础科学]