药肥组合喷施玉米穗肥的研究  

Study on Spraying Maize Ear Fertilizer by Fungicide-Fertilizer Combination

作　　者：王艳 童传洪 WANG Yan;TONG Chuanhong(Wangdian Agricultural Service Center of Dangyang City,Dangyang,Hubei 444124)

机构地区：[1]当阳市王店镇农业服务中心,湖北当阳444124

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第15期99-103,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：当前一些农民在玉米前期采用“一炮轰”的施肥方法,造成玉米生长后期养分供应不足而早衰,影响产量。多数农户习惯在玉米大喇叭口期以撒施尿素为主来追施穗肥1次,前提需要田间墒情或灌溉条件好或者选择雨天,又难以统一;近年来推广玉米缓释肥料解决此问题但需加大基肥用量,所以研究玉米追施穗肥的增产技巧尤其重要。故在玉米生长发育中后期防治病虫同时开展了追施穗肥的试验研究,借助植保无人机喷雾植物调节剂、新型叶面肥和病虫药剂等新科技产品组合,以替代同期撒施尿素追施穗肥,来减少化肥用量、节省劳动力和降低劳动强度,增大叶绿素含量,延长绿叶持续时间,增强植株干物质积累,从而增加玉米产量和效益。At present,some farmers use the“one bombardment”fertilization method in the early stage of maize,resulting in insufficient nutrient supply in the later stage of maize growth and premature aging,and affecting yield.Most farmers are used to sprinkling urea-based fertilizers as topdressing ear fertilizer one time at the big flare stage of maize.This practice requires good field moisture or irrigation conditions or rainy days,which are difficult to unify.In recent years,maize slow-release fertilizer has been popularized to solve this problem,but it needs to increase the amount of base fertilizer,so studying the techniques of topdressing ear fertilizer application for yield increase is particularly important.Therefore,in the middle and later stages of maize growth and development,an experimental study on ear topdressing fertilizer application was carried out at the same time with pest control.UAV spray plant regulators,new foliar fertilizers,pest agents and other new scientific and technological product combinations were applied to replace urea topdressing ear fertilizer at the same growth and development stage,to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer,save labor and reduce labor intensity,increase chlorophyll content,prolong the duration of green leaves,enhance plant dry matter accumulation,thereby increasing maize yield and efficiency.

关 键 词：玉米 穗肥 替代 药肥组合 喷施试验 增产增效 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]