15773例儿童非故意伤害特征研究  

Characteristics of Unintentional Injuries in 15773 Children

作　　者：沈裕 陈健 寿铁军[1] 俞蓓蓉[1] SHEN Yu;CHEN Jian;SHOU Tiejun;YU Beirong(Department of Pediatrics,Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital,Ningbo 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省宁波市妇女儿童医院儿科,315000

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2023年第26期3282-3289,共8页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2021KY1053);宁波市重点学科儿科学(2022-B17)。

摘　　要：背景儿童非故意伤害是威胁儿童健康的主要原因,但多数是可预防的,各地的发生率和分布特征不同,根据当地特征制订相适应的预防措施是必要的。目的分析宁波市单中心儿童非故意伤害的临床特征,为制订相适应的预防与治疗措施提供依据。方法回顾性收集2020年8月—2021年7月宁波市妇女儿童医院急诊科就诊的0~17岁非故意伤害患儿的临床资料(年龄、性别、户籍、来院方式及院前应急救护情况、就诊时间、来院时长、受伤地点、发生原因、受伤部位、治疗结局、住院时间、住院费用),参考国际疾病分类法(ICD-10)对非故意伤害进行分类,并根据患儿的年龄将其分为婴儿期(n=1225)、幼儿期(n=5116)、学龄前期(n=4447)、学龄期(n=3219)和青春期(n=1766),比较患儿不同临床资料在非故意伤害类型上的差异。结果共收集15773例患儿临床资料,平均年龄为(5.3±3.6)岁,男女比为1.56∶1。幼儿期伤害以跌倒/坠落伤、烧烫伤、腔道异物、中毒、钝器伤、电击伤为主,学龄前期以道路交通伤害为主,学龄期以锐器伤为主;患儿以农村户籍为主(9329/15773,59.15%),跌倒/坠落伤、道路交通伤害、烧烫伤、腔道异物、锐器伤、电击伤、溺水患儿以农村户籍为主;跌倒/坠落伤、道路交通伤害、溺水患儿以自驾来院为主;跌倒/坠落伤、道路交通伤害、烧烫伤、中毒、锐器伤、电击伤、溺水患儿以无院前应急救护为主。患儿非故意伤害多发生于夏季(4301/15773,27.27%),道路交通伤害、烧烫伤多发生于夏季,钝器伤、电击伤多发生于秋季,咬伤多发生于春、秋季,7月和2月分别为患儿非故意伤害高发与低发月份,12:00和20:00为1日的就诊高峰期;道路交通伤害的来院时长低于其他类型的非故意伤害(P<0.05);非故意伤害主要发生在家庭(14396/15773,91.27%);儿童非故意伤害发生原因前三位分别是跌倒坠落伤(12375/15773,78.Background Unintentional injuries are major threats to children's health,but most of them are preventable.Since the incidence and characteristics of distribution of unintentional injuries vary across regions,it is necessary to formulate preventive measures according to local characteristics.Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of unintentional injuries in children in Ningbo,providing a theoretical basis for the development of relevant preventive and treatment measures.Methods This study retrospectively recruited 0-17-year-old children with unintentional injuries(including babies,toddlers,preschoolers,gradeschoolers and teens grouped by age)from Department of Emergency,Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital from August 2020 to July 2021.Clinical data were collected,including age,gender,registered residence,the way of getting to the hospital and pre-hospital emergency care,visit time,injury-to-admission time,places of occurrence of injury,cause of injury,site of injury,outcome of treatment,hospitalization time and hospitalization expenses.ICD-10 was used to classify the unintentional injuries,the children were divided into infancy(n=1225),early childhood(n=5116),preschool(n=4447),school age(n=3219)and adolescence(n=1766)according to their age,and compared the types of unintentional injuries across the children by clinical data.Results Altogether,15773 cases〔including 9608 males(60.91%)〕were included,with a mean age of(5.3±3.6)years and a male to female ratio of 1.56∶1.Children with fall/fall injuries,burns and scald,cavity foreign body,poisoning,blunt instrument injury and electric shock injuries are mainly early childhood,road traffic injuries are mainly preschool age,and sharp instrument injuries are mainly school age.Most of the children were from rural areas〔59.15%(9329/15773)〕.Children with rural household registration were mainly affected by falls/fall injuries,road traffic accidents,burns,foreign body aspiration,sharp instrument injuries,electric shocks and drowning.Children who suf

关 键 词：儿童 非故意伤害 特征分析 预防 回顾性研究 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]