衍射光学技术发展历程及应用  

History and Application of Diffractive Optics Technology

作　　者：霍家琦 胡源[1] 程彬鹏 Huo Jiaqi;Hu Yuan;Cheng Binpeng(School of Opto-Electronic Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学光电工程学院,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2023年第7期12-24,共13页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金(202002037JC)。

摘　　要：衍射光学元件已广泛应用于光学传感、光通信、计算成像、激光光束整形、生物医学、光学数据存储等领域。首先,总结归纳了基于标量衍射理论衍射光学元件在各个阶段的发展脉络,衍射光学元件的发展可分为菲涅耳波带片、全息图及相息图、二元光学元件及衍射光学元件四个阶段,针对各阶段衍射元件分别分析其设计原理、结构特点、加工难度、衍射效率及在现实中应用可能性。其次,对基于矢量衍射理论衍射光学元件进行概述。最后,对当前衍射光学元件在传统和新型成像系统及非成像系统中的应用进行总结,整理出当前衍射光学元件发展中存在问题并根据对应问题给出未来发展趋势的预测,能够对今后衍射光学元件的研究有一定指导意义。Diffractive optical components were widely used in many fields such as optical sensing,optical communication,computational optics,laser beam shaping,biomedicine,and optical data storage.This paper first summarizes the development of diffractive optical elements based on scalar diffraction theory in various stages.The development of diffractive optical elements can be divided into four stages:Fresnel zone plate,hologram and kinoform,binary optical element,and diffractive optical element.The design principles,structural characteristics,processing difficulties,diffraction efficiency,and application possibilities in reality are analyzed for each stage of diffraction elements followed by an overview of diffractive optical elements based on vector diffraction theory.Finally,a summary of current applications of diffractive optical elements in conventional and new imaging and non-imaging systems is presented.The current problems in the development of diffractive optical elements are sorted out and the future development trend is predicted according to the corresponding problems,which will be a guide for the future research of diffractive optical elements.

关 键 词：衍射 光学元件 菲涅耳波带片 全息图及相息图 二元光学元件 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]