不同林龄光皮桦林土壤养分含量与酶活性相关关系  

Correlation between soil nutrient content and enzyme activity in Betula luminifera forests of different forest ages

作　　者：余春和 曾珠 韦秋思 刘世男[2] 杨梅[2] YU Chun-he;ZENG Zhu;WEI Qiu-si;LIU Shi-nan;YANG Mei(State-owned Yachang Forest Farm in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Baise533209,Guangxi,China;Forestry College of Guangxi University,Nanning530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区国有雅长林场,广西百色533209 [2]广西大学林学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2023年第5期54-58,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西林业科技项目(桂林科字[2016]20号);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0601101-2)。

摘　　要：为探索不同林龄光皮桦(Betula luminifera)林土壤养分管理和养分循环,以广西壮族自治区西北部的雅长林场3、7、13年生的光皮桦林土壤为研究对象,在0~20cm和20~40cm土层中,分析不同林龄土壤养分特征、土壤酶活性特征及土壤养分和土壤酶活性的相关关系。结果表明,在0~20cm土层中,不同林龄光皮桦林养分含量和酶活性均高于20~40cm土层;随着林龄的增加,除土壤全磷含量和蔗糖酶活性外,其他指标均先下降后上升,在13年生达到最大;光皮桦林在速生期(7年生)土壤养分含量和酶活性明显下降。研究表明,土壤酶活性与土壤养分含量关系密切,其中,过氧化氢酶、脲酶活性与土壤中的氨氮、速效钾和速效磷呈极显著正相关,而全磷含量与这4种酶活性的相关性较小。综上,林龄对光皮桦林土壤养分和酶活性变化产生了显著的影响,随着林分生长对土壤养分摄取量增加,会导致土壤肥力下降。提出在光皮桦幼林阶段有必要通过施肥措施增加氮、磷、钾元素的输入,以满足光皮桦林速生阶段对土壤养分的需求,加快林木生长。In order to explore the soil nutrient management and nutrient cycling of Betula luminifera forests of different forest ages,the soil of the Betula luminifera forests in the northwest of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region at 3,7,and 13 years old was used as the research object.The soil nutrient characteristics,soil enzyme activity characteristics,and the correlation between soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity were analyzed in the 0~20cm and 20~40cm soil layers of different forest ages.The results showed that in the 0~20cm soil layer,the nutrient content and enzyme activity of Betula luminifera forests of different forest ages were higher than those in the 20~40cm soil layer;as the forest age increased,except for the total phosphorus content and sucrase activity in the soil,all other indicators first decreased and then increased,reaching their maximum at 13 years old;the Betula luminifera forest showed a significant decrease in soil nutrient content and enzyme activity during the fast-growing period(7 a).Research had shown that there was a close relationship between soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient content.Among them,the activities of catalase and urease were highly significantly positively correlated with ammonia nitrogen,available potassium,and available phosphorus in the soil,while the correlation between total phosphorus content and these four enzyme activities was relatively small.To sum up,forest age had a significant impact on the changes of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Betula luminifera forest.With the increase of forest growth on the uptake of soil nutrients,soil fertility would decline.It was necessary to increase the input of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium elements through fertilization measures in the early stage of Betula luminifera forest,in order to meet the demand for soil nutrients in the fast-growing stage of Betula luminifera forest and accelerate forest growth.

关 键 词：光皮桦(Betula luminifera) 林龄 土壤 酶活性 养分 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种]