2022年异常气候对福州地区橄榄开花和结果的影响分析  

Analysis of Abnormal Climate Effect on Flowering and Fruiting of Chinese Olive in Fuzhou Area in 2022

作　　者：张美花 沈朝贵[2] 曹茜 林祥鎏 龙宇 赖瑞联[2] 吴如健[2] Zhang Meihua;Shen Chaogui;Cao Qian;Lin Xiangliu;Long Yu;Lai Ruilian;Wu Rujian(Minhou Meteorological Bureau of Fujian Province,Minhou,Fujian 350100,China;Fruit Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省闽侯县气象局,福建闽侯350100 [2]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福建福州350013

出　　处：《东南园艺》2023年第1期24-29,共6页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：福州市科技计划项目(2021-S-201);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目(CXTD2021008-2)。

摘　　要：本文收集了2022年福州、闽侯、永泰、闽清等4个国家气象观测站4~9月的气象数据,分析了气温、降水等2个主要气候因子,研究2022年异常气候对福州地区橄榄花期、幼果期、果实发育期生长发育的影响。结果发现:4~6月气温偏低造成橄榄花期延长;5~6月连续降水和少日照不利于橄榄授粉和果实发育,而有利于病害发生,畸形果、病害果数量增多;7~9月高温干旱造成橄榄果实灼伤严重,影响产量和品质。Meteorological data from April to September in 2022 were collected in four national meteorological observation stations of Fuzhou,Minhou,Yongtai and Minqing,two main climatic factors of temperature,and precipitation and sunshine were analyzed and abnormal climate effect on the flowering,young fruit and fruit expansion stages of Chinese olive in Fuzhou area were studied.The results showed that the low temperature from April to June resulted in the prolongation of flowering stage.From May to June,continuous precipitation and lack of sunshine were not conducive to the pollination and fruit development but conducive to the diseases,so the number of deformed and diseased fruits increased.From July to September,high temperature and drought caused severe burn of fruit,which affected the yield and quality.

关 键 词：异常气候 福州 橄榄 开花 结果 

分 类 号：S667.5[农业科学—果树学] S426[农业科学—园艺学]