工业文明与焦作土窑的现代转向(1898—1937年)  

Industrial civilization and the modern turn of Jiaozuo earth kilns(1898—1937)

作　　者：闫俊凤 YAN Junfeng(School of Emergency Management,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学应急管理学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《河南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期61-65,92,共6页Journal of Henan Polytechnic University:Social Sciences

基　　金：河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2021-ZDJH-0140);河南省教育科学“十三五”规划课题(2020YB0068)。

摘　　要：19世纪末,近代工业文明在世界范围内进一步深化发展,古老的中国正经历着王朝体制向国家体制的转变,地处内陆的焦作因富含煤炭而遭遇到英商福公司的资本渗透和技术冲击,有着上千年开采历史的焦作土窑因此失去了原有的存续平衡。在清末新政以来的政权转换和时局变化中,规模较大的土窑仿照开滦煤矿合组成中原公司,成为一座与福公司抗衡的近代化煤矿;实力弱小的土窑被福公司和中原公司视为共同的竞争对手,在国家力量的干预下,或在强制性的矿业条例中顺势而为,或在强硬的整顿措施中成为附庸。At the end of the 19th century,modern industrial civilization continued to deepen in the world.Ancient China was undergoing a transformation from a dynastic system to a national system.Jiaozuo,located in the interior,suffered from the capital penetration and technical influence of the Beijing Syndicate because of its rich coal.The Jiaozuo kilns,which had been mined for thousands of years,lost their original balance of survival.With the transformation of political power and the change of the actual situation since the New Deal at the end of the Qing Dynasty,the stronger earth kilns were formed into the Zhongyuan Company,which was modeled on the Kailuan Coal Mine,and became a modern coal mine to compete with Peking Syndicate.The weaker kilns were regarded as common competitors by t Peking Syndicate and Zhongyuan Company,which followed the trend of compulsory mining regulations or became vassals in the harsh rectification measures under the intervention of state power.

关 键 词：工业文明 焦作土窑 福公司 中原公司 

分 类 号：F429.1[经济管理—产业经济]