以多层生态战略破解先发者主导优势:以EDA为例  

Crack the Dominance of First Movers by Multi-layer Ecological Strategy in the Field of EDA

作　　者：李先军[1] 刘建丽[1] 张任之 Li Xianjun;Liu Jianli;Zhang Renzhi(Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100006

出　　处：《技术经济》2023年第5期79-90,共12页Journal of Technology Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“智能制造关键核心技术国产替代战略与政策研究”(21&ZD132);国家社会科学基金重大项目“数字经济推动新兴产业创新的制度逻辑与系统构建研究”(22&ZD099);国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国关键核心技术突破路径研究”(20AGL002);中国社会科学院登峰战略企业管理优势学科建设项目。

摘　　要：在集成电路产业超过半个世纪的发展历程中,电子设计自动化软件(EDA)应运而生并随着技术进步和产业分工不断演化和发展,成为今天贯穿集成电路全流程的基础支撑工具。尽管表现出极端重要性,但电子设计自动化软件的总体市场规模较小。从当前市场结构来看,美国企业处于先发优势和寡头垄断地位,我国在这一领域发展相对滞后且在美国打压背景下发展严重受限,这也成为我国集成电路产业被“卡脖子”的关键领域。在后发者突破先发者主导优势获取发展机会的过程中,电子设计自动化软件领域要尤其重视产业生态的参与和重构,通过在创新生态、产品生态、产业生态和国际竞争生态中实施多层生态战略,逐步构筑起后发企业的生态位优势,驱动电子设计自动化软件的高质量发展。基于赶超和发展的目标,未来在支持电子设计自动化软件发展过程中,应当在顶层设计、系统设计、产权保护等方面发挥国家力量,同时补足在人才和基础创新中的短板,主动融入全球产业生态。During the development of the integrated circuit(IC)industry,electronic design automation(EDA)emerged and developed with technological progress and industrial division of labor.EDA has become the basic support tool that runs through the entire process of IC.Although EDA is extremely important,its market size is small.The current global market structure shows the following characteristics,which U.S.companies have first-mover dominant advantage and are in an oligopoly.China‘s development is relatively lagging behind and its development is severely limited under the background of U.S.suppression,which has also become the key to the“stuck”of China’s IC industry.In the process of the latecomers breaking through the dominant advantages of the first movers to obtain development opportunities,it is essential to pay special attention to the participation and reconstruction of the industrial ecology.Through the implementation of multi-layer ecological strategies in innovation ecology,product ecology,industrial ecology and international competition ecology,we can gradually build up the niche advantages of late-comer enterprises and drive the high-quality development of EDA.Focusing on the goal of ecological catch-up and development in the future,in the process of supporting the development of EDA,the power of the country should be exerted in the aspects of top-level design,system design,and property rights protection,and at the same time strengthen the shortcomings in talents and basic innovation and integrate into the global industrial ecology.

关 键 词：集成电路产业 电子设计自动化软件 多层生态战略 先发者主导优势 

分 类 号：F414[经济管理—产业经济]