气隙磁密3次谐波对电机振动噪声的影响  

Influence of third order harmonic of air gap flux density on motor vibration and noise

作　　者：乔鸣忠[1] 卢希浩 张弛 QIAO Mingzhong;LU Xihao;ZHANG Chi(College of Electrical Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《国防科技大学学报》2023年第3期92-98,共7页Journal of National University of Defense Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51877212)。

摘　　要：针对电机的电磁振动噪声问题,发现了提高电机气隙磁密的正弦性不一定能够降低电机的振动噪声。鉴于此,分析了引起电机振动和噪声的主要力波阶次和频率,并探究了气隙磁密3次谐波与电机振动噪声的具体函数关系。为了分析引起电机振动和噪声的主要力波阶次和频率,在利用解析法的基础上排出力波表,确定了主要噪声源。为了探究气隙磁密3次谐波对电机振动噪声的影响,建立了气隙磁密及径向力波的数学模型,并通过遗传算法求解了电机气隙磁密3次谐波的最佳幅值。分析结果显示,提高气隙磁密正弦性不一定能够降低电机振动噪声,气隙磁密3次谐波在一定范围内存在最优值使得电机振动噪声最小。分析结果为低噪声电机的设计提供了参考依据。Aiming at the problem of electromagnetic vibration and noise of motor,it was found that improving the sinusoidal characteristic of air gap flux density does not necessarily reduce the vibration and noise of motor.In view of this,the order and frequency of the main force wave causing the vibration and noise of the motor were analyzed,and the specific functional relationship between the third order harmonic of air gap flux density and the vibration and noise of the motor was explored.In order to analyze the order and frequency of the main force wave which caused the vibration and noise of the motor,the force wave table was eliminated based on the analytical method,and the main noise source was determined.In order to explore the influence of the third order harmonic of air gap flux density on motor vibration and noise,the mathematical models of air gap flux density and radial force wave were established,and the optimal amplitude of the third order harmonic of air gap flux density was solved by genetic algorithm.The analysis results show that improving the sinusoidal air gap flux density does not necessarily reduce the vibration noise of the motor,and the third order harmonic of air gap flux density has an optimal value in a certain range to minimize the vibration noise of the motor.The analysis results provide a reference for the design of low noise motor.

关 键 词：气隙磁密谐波 永磁同步电机 遗传算法 振动噪声 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]