写在诗歌之外——海外当代中国诗歌研究概览(1949—2020)  

Writing Outside of the Poetry——An Overview of Research on Contemporary Chinese Poetry Abroad

作　　者：王国礼[1] WANG Guoli(Northwest Normal University)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学

出　　处：《国际比较文学（中英文）》2023年第1期171-181,共11页International Comparative Literature

基　　金：2017年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“世界文学空间视野下中国当代作家国际声誉的形成机制研究”(项目号:17YJA751026)的研究成果。

摘　　要：当代诗歌的语言是白话文运动的产物。中国当代诗歌的发展既离不开中国古典诗歌观念的浸润,也受西方诗歌的直接影响,是本土性与西方影响的“杂糅”。从产生的时代背景看,它从一开始就肩负了文学革命与民族独立的双重使命,所以在很长一段时期内采用了一种特殊的话语表达方式。而海外的中国当代文学研究大多从上述两个层面进行,由此引发了中国当代诗歌的价值论争。其中宇文所安的观点最引人注目,他认为中国现当代诗歌缺乏古典诗歌的底蕴,诗人用一种受西方影响的话语表达方式讨好西方读者,是西方诗歌的翻版,缺乏独创性。奚密、周蕾等人从本土性与外来影响的不可分割性对宇文所安有关现当代诗歌“中国性”的问题做出了回应。此外,现当代诗歌中蕴含的政治主题也是西方学者关注的焦点,这一点从顾彬、杜博妮等人的论述中就可以看出。20世纪90年代以来诗歌逐渐被边缘化后,有些研究者从场域的角度去审视当代诗歌的生存境遇。西泽·尹伍德分析了中国当代诗歌界各种“场域”之间的斗争与冲突:大众媒介和能批量生产文化产品的网络制造了大批的大众文化诗人,诗歌成了任何人都可以创作的文体;而与此同时,还有一批中国当代诗人竭力维持诗歌创作的水准、认同诗歌的传统定义以及中国非诗歌阅读群体的保守期望。The language applied in contemporary Chinese poetry is the product of the Vernacular Movement.Contemporary Chinese poetry cannot break away from the classical poetic tradition;on the other hand,Western poetry also has exerted great influence upon it.So it is the hybrid of both localization and Western influence.It undertook the task of literary revolution and national independence from its beginning.Consequently,poets applied special discourse for a long time.Thus,the research on contemporary Chinese poetry abroad has been conducted from the aspects mentioned above.Stephen Owen’s criticism on contemporary Chinese poetry is very influential,he pointed out that we cannot find enchantment in contemporary Chinese poetry because many poets have adopted discourse under the influence of Western languages for the purpose of catering to readers abroad and these poems are translated versions of Western poetry without originality.Michelle Yeh,Rey Chow and other poets have responded to Stephen Owen’s criticism on the fact that it’s hard to distinguish the influence exerted upon contemporary Chinese poetry by Chinese classical and foreign poetry.Political themes are also the focus of academic research in Western countries,which can be indicated from the research conducted by Wolfgang Kubin and Bonnie S.McDougall.In the 1990s,poetry had been marginalized and some scholars have examined the fate of contemporary Chinse poetry from the perspective of the literary field.Heather Inwood analyzed struggle and conflict among different“fields”:mass media and the internet have produced many poets of popular culture;therefore,poetry can be composed by anyone who wants to do so while other poets try their best to maintain the elegance of good taste in poetry with expectations of the definition of poetry from the traditional view and readers’reasonable understanding of poetry.

关 键 词：中国现当代诗歌 影响 话语 把关 

分 类 号：I207.25[文学—中国文学]