相对论重离子碰撞中的手征效应实验研究  

Progress on the experimental search for the chiral magnetic effect,the chiral vortical effect,and the chiral magnetic wave

作　　者：寿齐烨 赵杰 徐浩洁[3] 李威 王钢 唐爱洪 王福强 Shou Qi-Ye;Zhao Jie;Xu Hao-Jie;Li Wei;Wang Gang;Tang Ai-Hong;Wang Fu-Qiang(Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application,Ministry of Education,Institute of Modern Physics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical Nuclear Physics,National Natural Science Foundion of China,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Science,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China;Department of Physics and Astronomy,Rice University,Houston 77005,USA;Department of Physics and Astronomy,University of California,Los Angeles 90095,USA;Department of Physics,Brookhaven National Laboratory,New York 11973,USA;Department of Physics and Astronomy,Purdue University,West Lafayette IN 47907,USA)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学现代物理研究所,核物理与离子束应用教育部重点实验室,上海200433 [2]复旦大学,国家自然科学基金委理论物理专款-上海核物理理论研究中心,上海200438 [3]湖州师范学院理学院,湖州313000 [4]莱斯大学物理与天文系,美国休斯顿77005 [5]加州大学洛杉矶分校物理与天文系,美国洛杉矶90095 [6]布鲁克海文国家实验室物理系,美国纽约11973 [7]普渡大学物理与天文系,美国西拉法叶47907

出　　处：《物理学报》2023年第11期58-72,共15页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:12275053,11975078,12275082,12035006,12075085,12147219);上海市青年科技启明星(批准号:20QA1401500);国家重点研发计划(批准号:2022YFA1604900);美国能源部(批准号:DE-FG02-88ER40424,DE-AC02-98CH10886,DE-FG02-89ER40531,DE-SC0012910)资助的课题.

摘　　要：量子色动力学中夸克和拓扑胶子场的相互作用可以产生局域宇称和电荷共轭宇称不守恒,这为解释宇宙中物质-反物质的不对称性提供了一种可能.在强磁场下,宇称不守恒会导致粒子按正负电荷分离,此现象称为手征磁效应(CME).相对论重离子对撞中与CME类似的手征反常效应还有手征涡旋效应(CVE),以及手征磁波效应(CMW)等.本文简要综述了当前相对论重离子碰撞实验中CME,CVE,CMW的研究进展.In quantum chromodynamics,the interactions of quarks with the topological gluon field can lead to nonconservation of local parity(P)and conjugated parity(CP),which provides a solution to the strong CP problem and a possibility to explain the asymmetry of matter-antimatter in the current universe.Under the action of a strong magnetic field,the nonconservation of P and CP can lead to the separation of particles according to their electric charges,which is called the chiral magnetic effect(CME).An observation of the CME-induced charge separation will confirm several fundamental properties of quantum chromodynamics(QCD),namely,approximate chiral symmetry restoration,topological charge fluctuation,and local parity violation.In relativistic heavy-ion collisions,there are other chiral anomalous effects similar to the CME,such as the chiral vortical effect(CVE)and the chiral magnetic wave(CMW).This review briefly summarizes the current progress of experimental research on the CME,CVE,and CMW in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

关 键 词：手征磁效应 量子色动力学 相对论重离子对撞 手征对称性 

分 类 号：O571.6[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]