复合板焊接裂纹分析及控制方法  

Welding crack analysis and control method study of composite plate

作　　者：蔡绪明 安洪亮[2] 李瑞[3] 田得喜 张焱[2] 马一鸣[2] 郝龙宇 Cai Xuming;An Hongliang;Li Rui;Tian Dexi;Zhang Yan;Ma Yiming;Hao Longyu(Shashi Steel Pipe Works,Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corporation,Jingzhou 434001,Hunan,China;Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin 150028,China;Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Xinfeng Aerospace Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100039,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油机械股份有限公司沙市钢管分公司,湖北荆州434001 [2]中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司,哈尔滨150028 [3]清华大学,北京100084 [4]北京新风航天装备有限公司,北京100039

出　　处：《焊接》2023年第5期40-44,共5页Welding & Joining

摘　　要：通过焊接工艺、焊接结构的优化,对比研究复合板对接接头质量,采用金相分析、硬度测试、X射线能谱、断口分析等手段,研究了(Q345R+S30403)复合板根部焊接裂纹的成因。结果表明,焊缝成分发生明显改变是不锈钢母材对根部焊缝的稀释作用,显著增大了焊缝淬硬倾向,是导致焊接氢致延迟裂纹发生的根本原因。研究得出了复合板焊接裂纹的有效控制方法,5 mm钝边、单边V形坡口、无间隙组对等结构设计和背部清根处理、不锈钢背部盖面的焊接工艺,有效避免了根部焊接冷裂纹的发生。该研究对石油、化工、电建及压力容器等防腐结构件的焊接质量提升具有重要的工程指导意义。Through the optimization of welding process and welding structure,the quality of butt joint of composite plate is compared and evaluated.By means of metallographic analysis,hardness test,X-ray energy spectrum,fracture analysis and other means,the cause of welding crack at the root area of(Q345R+S30403)composite plate is studied.The research shows that the dilution effect of stainless steel base material on root weld leads to significant change of weld composition and increase of weld hardening tendency,which is the root cause of hydrogen induced delayed crack.The effective control method of welding crack of composite plate was obtained,including 5 mm root face,unilateral V-groove,gapless pairing,etc,and the welding process of back root weld cleaning treatment and stainless steel back capping,which effectively avoided the occurrence of cold crack in the root.The research has important engineering guiding significance for the improvement of welding quality of anticorrosive structures such as petroleum,chemical,power construction and pressure vessels.

关 键 词：复合板 氢致延迟裂纹 成分稀释 淬硬倾向 

分 类 号：TG442[金属学及工艺—焊接]