都市圈视阈下市民农园的空间分布格局及发展特征——以日本首都圈为例  

Spatial Distribution Pattern and Development Characteristics of Citizen Farm from the Perspective of Metropolitan Area:A Case Study of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area in Japan

作　　者：苏畅 李姝颖[1,2] 戴菲 SU Chang;LI Shuying;DAI Fei(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Huazhong University of Science and Technology;Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Urbanization)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]华中科技大学湖北省城镇化工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《风景园林》2023年第6期96-104,共9页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“众包文字与图像交互视阈下苏州古典园林景观感知偏好与机制研究”(编号21YJCZH137)。

摘　　要：【目的】都市圈已成为新型城镇化背景下城市建设的主体形态,以市民农园为代表的都市农业是其中重要的体验型绿色人居互动空间。明确市民农园的空间分布格局及发展特征,能够为未来中国都市圈发展背景下的都市农业空间形态及布局提供理论支持。【方法】以日本首都圈内的市民农园为研究对象,运用最近邻指数分析、核密度估计法、标准差椭圆分析法揭示日本首都圈内市民农园的空间分布特征,并针对市民农园数量、平均面积大小等5项指标进行可视化分析。针对交通、经济发展水平、人口组成、政策4个层面要素,利用相关性分析与空间叠合展开关于市民农园分布的内因机制的讨论。【结果】分析结果表明日本首都圈内的市民农园在空间上具有片状结合点状、向心性、圈层性的分布特征,轨道交通、年人均收入、人口密度、人口老龄化程度以及政策制度对市民农园分布均有一定影响。【结论】在此基础上,对比中国都市圈水平下城市发展现状及治理问题,分析市民农园发展前景与趋势,提出适合中国都市圈建设背景的体验型绿色开放空间的布局选址建议。[Objective]Metropolitan areas have become the primary mode of urbanization in the new era.The development of urbanization in metropolitan areas should consider the activation of suburban land and the needs of urban residents for green space.Urban agriculture represented by citizen farms can provide an essential experiential green living interaction space,and thus promote the sustainable development of urban agriculture land blocks and contribute to the construction of experiential urban green open spaces.Existing researches on urban agriculture and citizen farms,both at home and abroad,mainly focus on the historical theory,classic case studies and development of citizen farms,as well as the use and spatial distribution of urban agricultural lands.However,these researches mostly rely on literature analysis,current situation investigation,and questionnaire survey,and seldom adopt big data and quantitative analysis methods to identify the characteristics and responses of citizen farms.At present,relevant researches are mainly conducted from the perspective of single citizen farm or single urban scale.It is essential to grasp citizen farm planning and construction methods from the perspective of metropolitan area and urban cluster to promote the sound and orderly development of citizen farms.[Methods]The Tokyo metropolitan area in Japan is home to 30.67%of the total citizen farms in the country,which is an ideal object for the research on citizen farm especially due to its vast market demand and development potential.Firstly,this research gathers original citizen farm information from official website of the Ministry of Agriculture,Forestry and Fisheries of Japan and transforms such information into longitude and latitude information.As to data statistics,repeated data distribution points are calculated only once,while distribution points that cannot be located are either manually corrected or removed,with all data finally obtained being visualized using ArcGIS software.Secondly,the research regards all citizen farms

关 键 词：都市圈 城市绿色空间 都市农业 市民农园 日本首都圈 

分 类 号：TU985[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]