福建省乡土聚落的空间分布及其驱动机制  

Spatial Distribution of Vernacular Settlements in Fujian Province and Driving Mechanism Thereof

作　　者：李旭芳 沈伟棠 翁飞帆 丁铮[1,2] LI Xufang;SHEN Weitang;WENG Feifan;DING Zheng(College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University;Fujian Environmental Art&Design Association)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院 [2]福建省环境艺术设计协会

出　　处：《风景园林》2023年第6期121-129,共9页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：中国农林高校设计艺术联盟专项资金(编号111900050);福建省社科重点项目“17—19世纪欧洲的中国园林形象研究”(编号KSSK2201A)。

摘　　要：【目的】少数民族乡土聚落作为少数民族的精神标识,承载了独特的民族元素和文化基因,研判其空间分布特征及驱动机制对少数民族地区村寨的经济发展和文化传承大有裨益。【方法】在厘清福建省乡土聚落空间分布特征的基础上,运用地理探测器模型探讨自然因素、区位因素、经济因素、文化因素对其空间分布的驱动机制。【结果】结果表明:1)福建省乡土聚落的空间分布不均衡,总体呈“七核三带”的“川”字形分布格局,具有明显的空间集聚特征;2)福建省乡土聚落的空间分布与自然因素、水系密度、文化因素呈正相关,与交通密度呈微弱负相关,与经济因素呈总体负相关、局部正相关之势。【结论】生态环境与多重文化相互适应、交互耦合是促进乡土聚落传承发展的内生动力。鉴于此,提出乡土聚落的发展路径,为福建省乡土聚落的保护传承及少数民族地区的乡村振兴提供借鉴。[Objective]As the spiritual symbol of ethnic minorities,vernacular settlements carry unique ethnic elements and cultural genes.They are the mainstay for promoting rural revitalization,building ethnic cultural self-confidence and community awareness,and enhancing national cohesion,and are also a unique cultural heritage in agricultural civilization and a crystallization of national wisdom.China is home to many ethnic groups,and in the concentrated areas of ethnic minority groups,there still exist quite authentic settlements without being largely disturbed.However,with the rapid advancement of urbanization,the unbalanced and inadequate development in ethnic areas has gradually brought severe challenges such as cultural loss,population loss and slow development to vernacular settlements.Fujian Province is a region where ethnic minorities such as She,Gaoshan,Hui,Manchu and Mongolian have lived together for generations.The natural environment,social economy and ethnic culture in Fujian are significantly heterogeneous.It is urgent to plan and promote ethnic work based on the historical orientation of the new era,and strengthen the achievements of poverty alleviation in ethnic minorities and vernacular settlements thereof,thus effectively contributing to rural revitalization.In view of this,it is of great significance to study the spatial distribution characteristics of vernacular settlements and the driving mechanism thereof for the economic development and cultural inheritance of vernacular settlements in ethnic areas.[Methods]This research takes the vernacular settlements in Fujian Province as the research object.The research firstly adopts the geographical concentration index to measure the concentration degree of vernacular settlements in Fujian Province.Then it adopts the average nearest neighbor index method to analyze the spatial distribution type and proximity degree of vernacular settlements in Fujian Province in combination with the spatial distribution vector diagram of vernacular settlements.After that,the

关 键 词：乡村振兴 乡土聚落 空间分布 少数民族 地理探测器 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]