太阳能干燥温度对哈密瓜片品质的影响  

Effect of Solar Drying Temperature on The Quality of Hami Melon Slices

作　　者：郭雪霞 张子赫 刘瑜 冉国伟 郭海枫 王海 GUO Xue-xia;ZHANG Zi-he;LIU Yu;RAN Guo-wei;GUO Hai-feng;WANG Hai(Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Postharvest Handling,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部规划设计研究院/农业农村部农产品产后处理重点实验室,北京100125 [2]河北农业大学,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2023年第5期11-15,20,共6页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(项目编号:2015BAD19B01)。

摘　　要：目的:探明干燥温度对哈密瓜片品质的影响。方法:以哈密瓜片为原料,采用不同的太阳能干燥温度40℃、50℃、60℃、70℃,分析不同干燥温度对哈密瓜片干燥时间、干燥速率、水分活度、质构、色泽、香气成分、抗坏血酸及能耗等指标影响。结果:哈密瓜片干燥过程只有降速阶段,随着干燥时间增加水分活度减小、抗坏血酸含量减少;随着干燥温度升高,干燥时间缩短,干制品硬度、黏附性、弹性和咀嚼性均逐步增大,内聚性逐渐减小,色泽L^(*)值下降,b^(*)值增加;香气成分醇、酮、醛和酯类四类物质相对含量较高,干燥温度70℃的总能耗和单位时间耗电量显著高于其他温度。结论:40~60℃太阳能干燥温度下,哈密瓜片干制品硬度、黏附性、弹性和咀嚼性、抗坏血酸含量、香气成分等理化特性较优,干燥能耗低,适于哈密瓜片的干燥。Objective To explore the effect of drying temperature on the quality of Hami melon slices.Method Hami melon slices as raw material,the effects of different solar drying temperatures(40℃,50℃,60℃,70℃)on drying time,drying rate,water activity,texture,color,aroma components,ascorbic acid and energy consumption of Hami melon slices were analyzed.Result The drying process of Hami melon slices had only a slowdown stage,and the water activity and ascorbic acid content decreased with the increase of drying time.With the increase of drying temperature and drying time,the hardness,adhesiveness,elasticity and chewiness of dried products increased gradually,the cohesion decreased gradually,the color L^(*) value decreased,and the B^(*) value increased.The relative contents of alcohol,ketone,aldehyde and ester were higher.The total energy consumption and power consumption per unit time at 70℃were significantly higher than those at other temperatures.Conclusion When solar drying temperature is 40—60℃,hardness,adhesion,elasticity and chewiness,ascorbic acid content,aroma components and other physical and chemical properties of Hami melon slices dry products are better,drying energy consumption is low,which is suitable for Hami melon slices drying.

关 键 词：太阳能干燥 温度 哈密瓜片 品质 能耗 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]