淡水侧向冰水界面融化现场测试和能量平衡模型  

Field Observation and Energy⁃Balanced Modeling of Lateral Melting at Ice⁃Water Interface in Freshwater

作　　者：祖永恒 卢鹏[1] 李志军[1] 修苑人 解飞 王庆凯[1] 张宝森[2] ZU Yongheng;LU Peng;LI Zhijun;XIU Yuanren;XIE Fei;WANG Qingkai;ZHANG Baosen(State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [2]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2023年第6期53-58,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2019YFE0197600,2018YFC1508402);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41876213,41906198,41922045,51979024);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(DUT20GJ206,DUT19LAB08)。

摘　　要：在融冰期的淡水冰层上挖凿开敞水域,连续观测气温、水温、辐射和风速风向等,采用触点测量设备监测冰-水侧向界面的融化量,获得冰-水侧向界面融化速率。根据冰层内的热量平衡过程分析冰-水侧向界面的形状变化和影响融化速率的因素。侧向融化速率受水温影响明显,风速、气温和辐射对侧边界摩阻速度和显热潜热比例具有一定的影响。黄河开河期周边的河迹湖,冰-水侧向界面热通量远大于底部热通量,从而影响区域水环境。The experimental tank was built on the ice cover in the melting period,and meteorological conditions such as air temperature,water temperature,solar radiation,wind speed and direction were continuously observed.The lateral melting rate of ice⁃water interface was measured by direct contact device,and the profiles of ice⁃water lateral interface were recorded.The factors influencing melting rate were analyzed according to the heat balance in the ice volume.The lateral melting rate is obviously affected by water temperature.Wind speed,air temperature and solar radiation have certain influence on the friction velocity of lateral boundary layer and the ratio of sensible heat flux to latent heat flux.For the lakes around the Yellow River in the break⁃up period,the heat flux at the lateral interface of ice⁃water is much larger than that at the bottom,which affects the regional water environment.

关 键 词：冰层 冰-水侧向界面 融化 能量平衡模型 

分 类 号：TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源]