中青年糖尿病患者加餐行为与生存质量现状调查  

A survey on snacks behavior and quality of life in young and middle-aged patients with diabetes mellitus

作　　者：曹雁南 叶赟[1] 陈雪姣 张娜娜 冯秋艳 赵月 朱佳琦 杨旻星 Cao Yannan;Ye Yun;Chen Xuejiao;Zhang Nana;Feng Qiuyan;Zhao Yue;Zhu Jiaqi;Yang Minxing(Endocrinology Department,The First People′s Hospital of Changzhou,Changzhou 213000,China)

机构地区：[1]常州市第一人民医院内分泌代谢科,江苏常州213000

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2023年第10期34-38,共5页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：常州市卫生健康青苗人才培养工程项目(CZQM2020020);常州市第一人民医院护理专项预研基金项目(yy2021009)。

摘　　要：目的了解中青年糖尿病患者加餐行为与生存质量现状,为糖尿病患者制订个体化饮食管理教育方案提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年1~12月在江苏省某综合三甲医院住院治疗的438例中青年糖尿病患者为研究对象,采用自制中青年糖尿病患者饮食加餐行为问卷,以及中国糖尿病患者生存质量特异性量表进行调查。结果438例患者中,4.34%从不吃早餐;73.97%有加餐习惯;1周内每天都加餐的比例分别为上午(16.36%)、下午(32.10%)和晚上(24.07%);加餐原因主要是饥饿(57.41%)、习惯(41.05%)和健康需求(13.58%);性别、年龄、糖尿病类型、是否有糖尿病并发症为加餐的主要影响因素;加餐组三酰甘油显著低于非加餐组、糖化血红蛋白显著高于非加餐组(均P<0.05);非加餐组生存质量总分、心理和精神维度、治疗影响维度得分显著优于加餐组(均P<0.05)。结论中青年糖尿病患者加餐行为不容乐观,应重视加餐行为对糖尿病患者的影响,提供更为精准的糖尿病饮食管理方案。Objective To understand the currency level of snacks behavior in young and middle-aged patients with diabetes and to provide evidence for diabetic patients to formulate individualized diet management education programs.Methods From January to December 2021,438 young and middle-aged patients with diabetes admitted to endocrinology department of one hospital in Jiangsu province were into this study by convenience sampling method.The questionnaire survey was conducted with a demographic questionnaire,self-made snacks behavior questionnaire with diabetes and Chinese version of diabetes specific quality of life scale.Results Among those 438 young and middle-aged patients,4.34%never ate breakfast per week.73.97%self-reported that they have the habit of extra snacks.Some of them snacked every day,and the proportion were morning snacks(16.36%),afternoon snacks(32.1%)and bedtime snacks(24.07%)respectively.The main reasons for snacking were hunger(57.41%),habits(41.05%)and physiological needs(13.58%).Sex,age,type of diabetes and diabetic complications are the main influencing factors of extra snacks.Comparison of serum glucose and lipids metabolism in young and middle-aged patients with different snacking behaviors found that the serum triglyceride levels in the snack group was lower than that in the non-snack group and the serum HBA1c was higher than non-snack group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The snack group scored in both total score,psychological and spiritual and therapeutical dimensions were all higher than the non-snack group,that means their quality of life is lower,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Snacking of young and middle-aged diabetic patients is not optimistic,we should pay attention to the impact of snacking behavior on serum glucose and lipid metabolism and provid more accurate diet management plan for diabetes.

关 键 词：中青年 糖尿病 加餐行为 糖脂代谢 血糖 饮食管理 生存质量 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]