含硅改性磷-氮阻燃剂和双季戊四醇协同阻燃聚乙烯的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Synergistic Flame Retardant LDPE Modified with Silicon-Containing Modified Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardant and Dipentaerythritol

作　　者：王固霞[1,2,3] 董庭轩 栗照帅 王哲 喻迎春 李丹 周鹏[5] 郭生伟 Guxia Wang;Tingxuan Dong;Zhaoshuai Li;ZheWang;Yingchun Yu;Dan Li;Peng Zhou;Shengwei Guo(School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology,State Ethnic Affairs Commission,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Materials Science&Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;BAOSHENG(NINGXIA)Cable Technology CO.,LTD,Yinchuan 750411,China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学化学与化学工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏太阳能化学转化技术重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [3]化工技术基础国家民委重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [4]北方民族大学材料科学与工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [5]宝胜(宁夏)线缆科技有限公司,宁夏银川750411

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2023年第4期59-69,共11页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2021BDE92032,2022BDE03003);宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(2022AAC03220);宁夏回族自治区“青年拔尖人才”项目;宁夏留学回国人员创新创业项目。

摘　　要：以正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)和乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(A-151)对聚磷酸铵(APP)和三聚氰胺尿酸盐(MCA)进行改性,制备了Si-MAPP和Si-MMCA,解决了APP和MCA疏水性差的问题。将Si-MAPP和Si-MMCA与双季戊四醇(DPER)复配得到一种新的膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)并用于LDPE阻燃。利用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和热重分析证明了APP和MCA成功被TEOS和A-151涂层修饰。采用万能材料试验机、极限氧指数仪、UL-94垂直燃烧试验和锥形量热试验测试了LDPE复合材料的阻燃性能。研究结果表明,经TEOS和A-151涂层修饰后,Si-MAPP和Si-MMCA疏水性能优异,与LDPE相容性好。加入含Si-MAPP/DPER/Si-MMCA的IFR大幅提高了LDPE复合材料的阻燃性。当加入质量分数43.75%的Si-MAPP/DPER/Si-MMCA后,复合材料极限氧指数为30.3%并达到V-0级别,拉伸强度达12.92 MPa,比同比例无Si-MMCA的LDPE/IFR高出了3.79%,比质量分数为41.6%无Si-MAPP的LDPE/IFR高出了6.81%。烟密度试验表明,Si-MAPP和Si-MMCA的加入有效提高了LDPE复合材料的残炭量和热稳定性,并使烟气排放明显改善。Si-MAPP and Si-MMCA were prepared by modifying ammonium polyphosphate(APP)and melamine urate(MCA)with tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS)and vinyltriethoxysilane(A-151).And a new intumescent flame retardant(IFR)was obtained by mixing Si-MAPP,Si-MMCA and dipentaerythritol(DPER)and used for LDPE flame retardant.The structure,morphology and mechanical properties of flame retardants and LDPE composites were characterized by FT-IR,SEM,TG and universal material testing machine.The flame retardant properties of LDPE composites were investigated by LOI,UL-94 and cone calorimetry tests.The results show that Si-MAPP and Si-MMCA have excellent hydrophobic properties and good compatibility with LDPE after being modified with TEOS and A-151.And the problem of poor hydrophobicity of APP and MCA was resolved.The flame retardant properties of LDPE composites are greatly improved by adding IFR containing Si-MAPP/DPER/Si-MMCA.FT-IR,SEM and TG results show that APP and MCA were successfully modified with TEOS and A-151 coatings.The flame retardancy of LDPE composites was tested by universal material testing machine,limiting oxygen index,UL-94 vertical combustion test and cone calorimetry test.When 43.75%Si-MAPP/DPER/Si-MMCA was used,the LOI of LDPE composites is 30.3%and reaches V-0 level.And the tensile strength reaches 12.92 MPa,which is 3.79%higher than that of LDPE/IFR without Si-MMCA at the same proportion and 6.81%higher than that of 41.6%LDPE/IFR without Si-MAPP.The smoke density tests show that the addition of Si-MAPP and Si-MMCA effectively improves the residual carbon content and thermal stability of LDPE composites,and significantly improves the smoke emission.

关 键 词：磷-氮阻燃剂 双季戊四醇 改性 协同 低密度聚乙烯 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]