结构/隐身一体化宽频聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺吸波泡沫的制备与性能  

Preparation and Performance of Structural/Stealth Integrated Broadband Polymethacrylimide(PMI)Wave Absorbing Foam

作　　者：曹波 徐伟伟 刘雨杭 李博 黄奕森 袁牧山 狄肖创 衡正光 梁梅[2] 陈洋[2] 邹华维[2] Bo Cao;Weiwei Xu;Yuhang Liu;Bo Li;Yisen Huang;Mushan Yuan;Xiaochuang Di;Zhengguang Heng;Mei Liang;Yang Chen;Huawei Zou(AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group)Co.,LTD,Chengdu 610092,China;Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,四川成都610092 [2]四川大学高分子研究所高分子材料工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2023年第4期129-138,共10页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：四川省科技计划资助项目(2022YFG0111)。

摘　　要：由于泡沫夹芯型结构复合材料具有轻质、宽频、高效、兼容等优点,是雷达吸波材料的理想选择。新型聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺泡沫因具有良好的力学性能、热变形温度和化学稳定性,受到高性能夹层结构复合材料领域的广泛关注。为了使聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)泡沫具有吸波功能,在制备PMI泡沫的过程中需要加入吸波剂,但是吸波剂通常密度较大、易沉淀。若没有在制备方法中使用防沉淀技术或均匀分散技术,吸波剂在聚合过程中会出现严重沉降,吸波剂难以发挥最大功效,且泡沫原有的力学性能降低严重。因此,文中通过对聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺吸波泡沫制备工艺的改进,系统研究了增黏剂、交联剂及吸波剂含量对泡沫结构与性能的影响,通过二氧化硅增黏工艺,使吸波剂在泡沫中分散均匀,成功制备了力学性能及吸波性能优异的吸波泡沫,高温压缩强度到达0.7MPa以上,并且可在2~18GHz实现全频吸收,获得了具有结构/隐身一体化宽频聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺吸波泡沫的制备方法。Foam sandwich type structural composites are ideal for radar absorbing materials due to their advantages of light weight,broadband,high efficiency,and compatibility.The new polymethacrylimide foam has received a lot of attentions in the field of high-performance sandwich structural composites because of its good mechanical properties,heat deflection temperature and chemical stability.Polymethacrylimide(PMI)foam doesn’thave microwave absorption performance,therefore,a significant number of absorbers is required.However,absorbers are usually dense and easy to precipitate.If no anti-precipitation technology or uniform dispersion technology is conducted,the absorbers will encounter serious sedimentation problems during the polymerization process,and then will be difficult to exert its maximum effect and the original mechanical properties of the foam will be seriously damaged.Therefore,in this work,through the improvement of the preparation process of polymethacrylimide absorbing foam,the influences of tackifier,cross-linker and absorbing agent content on the structure and performance of the foams were systematically studied,and the absorbing agent was uniformly dispersed in the foams through the silica tackifying process,and the absorbing foam with excellent mechanical properties and wave absorption performance was successfully prepared.The high-temperature compression strength reaches more than 0.7 MPa and can achieve full-frequency absorption within 2~18 GHz.The method and key control factors for the preparation of integrated structure/stealth broadband polymethacrylimide absorbing foam were obtained.

关 键 词：聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺泡沫 电磁吸收材料 力学性能 炭黑吸收剂 

分 类 号：O648.24[理学—物理化学]