拉萨市735例过敏原特异性IgE检测结果分析  

An Analysis of 735 Cases of Allergen-Specific IgE Detection Results in Lhasa Area

作　　者：尼玛顿珠[1] 支张卓玛 边珍[1] 益西措姆 扎西央宗[1] 詹明君[1] 巴桑央吉[1] 秦绪珍[2] NIMA Dunzhu;ZHIZHANG Zhuoma;BIAN Zhen;YIXI Cuomu;ZHAXI Yangzong;ZHAN Mingjun;BASANG Yangji;QIN Xuzhen(The Department of Clinical Laboratory of The People’s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,China;Clinical Laboratory of Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区人民医院检验科,西藏拉萨850000 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医院检验科,北京100730

出　　处：《标记免疫分析与临床》2023年第3期409-415,共7页Labeled Immunoassays and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：2021年西藏自治区自然科学基金组团式援藏医学项目[编号:XZ2021ZR-ZY13(Z)];北京协和医院中央高水平医院临床科研专项(编号:2022-PUMCH-A-059)。

摘　　要：目的分析西藏自治区拉萨市过敏原种类分布特点及规律,为过敏性疾病的预防、临床诊断与治疗提供依据。方法应用免疫印迹法检测在西藏自治区人民医院就诊的735例患者血清中吸入性及食入性过敏原特异性IgE,按照性别、年龄、民族、季节分组统计过敏原检测结果阳性率,从而分析过敏原流行特点和分布规律。结果735例受检患者中有403例患者过敏原特异性IgE检测结果阳性,阳性率为54.83%,吸入性过敏原检测结果阳性率排名前四名分别为:艾蒿(21.22%)、猫毛(13.61%)、柳树/杨树/榆树(11.84%)、屋尘螨/粉尘螨(11.56%),食入性过敏原阳性率前四名分别为:鸡蛋白(9.25%)、牛奶(8.30%)、黄豆(6.80%)、牛肉(6.53%)。分组统计显示吸入性过敏原检测结果阳性率(9.06%)高于食入性过敏原检测结果阳性率(5.26%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阳性等级大部分主要以+、++为主,+++主要以艾蒿、猫毛为主较易发生高度过敏反应。不同过敏原在不同性别、民族、年龄、季节分组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论拉萨市吸入性过敏原阳性高于食入性过敏原,吸入性主要以艾蒿、猫毛为主,食入性主要以鸡蛋白和牛奶为主,夏季更易出现因吸入性过敏原引起的过敏反应。Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and pattern of allergens in Lhasa,Tibet,so to provide a reference basis for the prevention,clinical diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases.Methods The specific IgE of inhaled and ingested allergens in the sera samples of 735 patients treated in the People’s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region were detected by western blotting.The positive rate of allergen test results was counted according to gender,age,nationality and seasons,so as to analyze the epidemic characteristics and distribution pattern of allergens.Results A total of 403 of 735 patients in Lhasa area were positive for allergen specific IgE,with a positive rate of 54.83%.The top four positive rates of inhaled allergens were mugwort(21.22%),cat fur(13.61%),willow/poplar/elm(11.84%),house dust mite/dust mite(11.56%),and the top four positive rates of ingested allergens were egg white(9.25%),milk(8.30%),soybeans(6.80%)and beef(6.53%).The analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between inhalant and ingested,gender and nationality(P<0.05).Most of the positive grades were mainly+and++,mugwort and cat fur were the most likely causes of severe allergic reaction.Conclusion This paper identifies the distribution characteristics and pattern of allergens in Lhasa,Tibet,and further provides the knowledge basis for prevention,clinical diagnosis and treatment.

关 键 词：变态反应性疾病 过敏原 特异性IGE 免疫印迹法 阳性率 

分 类 号：R593.1[医药卫生—内科学]