2016~2021年邯郸地区儿童血铅检测结果回顾分析  

A Retrospective Analysis of Children Blood Lead Results in Handan Area from 2016 to 2021

作　　者：郭胜利 郭丽丽[2] 李守霞[2] 陈丁莉[2] 赵艳超[2] 秦志梅[2] 张彦青[2] GUO Shengli;GUO Lili;LI Shouxia;CHEN Dingli;ZHAO Yanchao;QIN Zhimei;ZHANG Yanqing(Handan Han Gang Steel Hospital Laboratory,Handan 056001,China;Handan City Center Hospital Laboratory,Handan 056001,China)

机构地区：[1]邯郸邯钢医院检验科,河北邯郸056001 [2]邯郸市中心医院检验科,河北邯郸056001

出　　处：《标记免疫分析与临床》2023年第3期459-463,共5页Labeled Immunoassays and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：邯郸市“百人计划”创新项目(邯卫党字[2019]34号)。

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析邯郸地区儿童血铅检测结果及影响因素,为制定防治措施提供理论依据。方法采用钨舟原子吸收法检测血铅,按年度、性别、年龄分组,比较组间差异。结果(1)6年共检测22655例儿童血铅,血铅水平为25.7(12.1~47.1)μg/L,其中高铅血症、铅中毒检出率分别为0.91%、0.27%,无重度铅中毒。(2)按年度分组:①2016~2021年儿童血铅浓度水平分别为34.9(14.0~55.9)μg/L、33.9(17.0~51.2)μg/L、19.0(10.7~33.8)μg/L、36.2(22.2~53.1)μg/L、13.0(9.7~21.3)μg/L、12.8(9.2~22.6)μg/L,高铅血症检出率分别2.25%、0.88%、0.47%、0.58%、0.47%、0.46%,逐年递减,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②2016~2021年铅中毒检出率分别为0.53%、0.41%、0.02%、0.09%、0.51%、0.21%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)按性别分组:男童血铅水平为29.6(12.7~49.9)μg/L,高铅血症及铅中毒在男童中的检出率分别为1.11%、0.33%,女童血铅水平为27.5(11.0~44.9)μg/L,高铅血症及铅中毒在女童中的检出率分别为0.56%、0.16%,男童均显著高于女童(P<0.05)。(4)按年龄将婴幼儿(0~3岁)、学龄前(4~6岁)、学龄(7~10岁)、青少年(11~14岁)分别分为A、B、C、D 4组:①A、B、C、D组血铅浓度水平分别为25.3(11.3~44.9)μg/L、26.9(12.4~47.2)μg/L、28.9(12.7~48.8)μg/L、29.6(13.9~47.7)μg/L,逐年龄递增,差异有统计学意义(P<0.5)。②A、B、C、D组高铅血症检出率分别为0.79%、1.04%、0.95%、0.89%,A组显著低于B、C、D组(P<0.5)。③A、B、C、D组铅中毒检出率分别为0.33%、0.28%、0.22%、0.21%,A、B两组显著高于C、D两组(P<0.5)。结论加强本地区儿童血铅水平的监测,深入健康宣讲,有效防治儿童铅中毒。Objective In the current study,we reviewed the results of blood lead and influencing factors in children from Handan area,to provide a theoretical knowledge basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures.Methods The whole blood samples of enrolled children were detected by tungsten boat atomic absorption method,grouping by year,sex and age,and results were then compared among groups.Results(1)A total of 22,655 children were detected for blood lead in 6 years,Blood lead levels were 25.7(12.1-47.1)μg/L,and the positive rates of hyperlead and lead poisoning were 0.91%and 0.27%,respectively,with no severe lead poisoning.(2)By grouping by year,we found that:①Levels of blood lead in children from 2016 to 2021 were 34.9(14.0-55.9)μg/L,33.9(17.0-51.2)μg/L,19.0(10.7-33.8)μg/L,36.2(22.2-53.1)μg/L,13.0(9.7-21.3)μg/L,and 12.8(9.2-22.6)μg/L,respectively,while the positive rates of hyperlead were 2.25%,0.88%,0.47%,0.58%,0.47%and 0.46%,respectively,which was decreasing yearly.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).②The detected rates of lead poisoning from 2016 to 2021 were 0.53%,0.41%,0.02%,0.09%,0.51%and 0.21%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)When grouping by sex,we found that:the boy’s blood lead level was 29.6(12.7-49.9)μg/L,and the positive rates of hyperlead and lead poisoning were 1.11%and 0.33%,respectively.The girl’s blood lead level was 27.5(11.0-44.9)μg/L,and the positive rates of hyperlead and lead poisoning were 0.56%and 0.16%,respectively.Values of boys were significantly higher than girls(P<0.05).(4)According to the age,infants(0-3 years old),preschool(4-6 years old),school age(7-10 years old)and adolescents(10-14 years old)were divided into four groups:A,B,C and D:①The blood lead concentrations of group A,B,C and D were 25.3(11.3-44.9)μg/L,26.9(12.4-47.2)μg/L,28.9(12.7-48.8)μg/L and 29.6(13.9-47.7)μg/L,respectively,which was increasing yearly.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).②The deteced rates of hype

关 键 词：儿童 全血 血铅 铅中毒 钨舟原子吸收法 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]