生物炭和双氰胺对设施蔬菜土壤温室气体排放的影响  

Effects of Biochar Combined with Dicyandiamide on Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Facility Vegetable Soil

作　　者：宋博影 郭艳杰[1,2,4] 王文赞 吕泽楠 赵宇晴 柳鹭 张丽娟 SONG BoYing;GUO YanJie;WANG WenZan;LÜZeNan;ZHAO YuQing;LIU Lu;ZHANG LiJuan(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei;Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei Province,Baoding 071001,Hebei;Collaborative Innovation Center for Vegetable Industry of Hebei,Baoding 071001,Hebei;State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation,Baoding 071001,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071001 [3]河北省蔬菜产业协同创新中心,河北保定071001 [4]华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2023年第10期1935-1948,共14页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划(21326905D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜产业创新团队项目(HBCT2018030206)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过探究生物炭、双氰胺(DCD)及二者联合施用对设施土壤温室气体(N_(2)O、CO_(2)和CH_(4))排放的综合效应,为设施蔬菜生产体系的温室气体减排和绿色发展提供科学依据。【方法】以设施小油菜(Brassica campestris L.)田为研究对象,设置不施氮(CK)、传统施氮(CN)、推荐施氮(RN)、推荐施氮+生物炭(RNB)、推荐施氮+DCD(RND)和推荐施氮+生物炭+DCD(RNBD)6个处理。分析不同处理下土壤温室气体的排放特征,以及排放强度(GHGI)和全球增温潜势(GWP)的差异。【结果】与CN相比,推荐施氮条件下各处理(RN、RNB、RND和RNBD)的小油菜产量降低2.9%—29.3%,但在推荐施氮条件下,生物炭+DCD联合施用处理(RNBD)则使小油菜产量增加了34.4%,生物炭和DCD在小油菜增产方面表现出协同效果(P<0.05)。推荐施氮的各处理较传统施氮(CN)降低了29.4%—76.5%的土壤N_(2)O排放量,以RND效果最优,但对土壤CO_(2)、CH_(4)排放影响不大;与CN相比,推荐施氮的各处理总GWP有所降低,降低幅度为4.3%—51.2%,以RND减排效果最优;就GHGI而言,各推荐施氮处理间差异则不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】相同尿素施用量条件下,推荐施氮配施生物炭或双氰胺对小油菜产量影响不大,但二者联合配施可显著促进小油菜增产,并可在一定程度上降低温室气体累积排放与全球增温潜势,但二者配合施用的效果并不优于推荐施氮与双氰胺配施的处理。【Objective】This paper aimed to explore the comprehensive effects of biochar,dicyandiamide(DCD)and their combined application on the greenhouse gas(N_(2)O,CO_(2) and CH_(4))emissions from facility soil,so as to provide a scientific basis for reducing the greenhouse gas emissions and green development of facility vegetable production system.【Method】In this study,the facility vegetable production system was used as the research object,and a total of six treatments were set up,including no nitrogen application(CK),traditional nitrogen application(CN),recommended nitrogen application(RN),recommended nitrogen application+biochar(RNB),recommended nitrogen application+DCD(RND),and recommended nitrogen application+biochar+DCD(RNBD).A pot experiment method was applied to analyze the effects of soil greenhouse gas emissions,and the difference in greenhouse gas intensity(GHGI)and global warming potential(GWP)under different treatments.【Result】Compared with the CN treatment,the rape yield decreased by 2.9%-29.3%under the recommend nitrogen treatments(RN,RN,RND and RNBD).However,under the same nitrogen application rate,the rape yield increased by 34.4%in the treatment of recommend nitrogen combined with biochar and DCD(RNBD),indicating that biochar and DCD showed a synergistic effect on rape yield increase(P<0.05).The recommend nitrogen treatments reduced the soil N_(2)O emissions by 29.4%-76.5%in comparation with the CN treatment,especially the RND treatment showed the best effect.However,the recommend nitrogen treatments showed little effect on soil CO_(2) and CH_(4) emissions.Compared with the CN treatment,the total GWP under the recommended nitrogen treatments decreased by 4.3%-51.2%,and the RND treatment showed the best emission-reduction effect.In terms of GHGI,the difference among the recommended nitrogen treatments was not significant(P>0.05),and the RND treatment also showed the best emission-reduction effect.【Conclusion】Under the same nitrogen application rate,the application of biochar alone or DCD a

关 键 词：生物炭 双氰胺 设施菜田 小油菜(Brassica campestris L.) 温室气体排放强度 综合增温效应 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学] S634.3