蒸汽喷雾不同荷电方式的荷电特性与静电场研究  

Study on Charging Characteristics and Electrostatic Fields of Different Charging Modes in Steam Spray

作　　者：詹唯 杨兰均[1] ZHAN Wei;YANG Lanjun(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,School of Electrical Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电气工程学院电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2023年第4期1753-1763,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：装备预先研究项目(编号略)。

摘　　要：为研究蒸汽喷雾的荷电特性和静电场特性,对饱和蒸汽喷雾分别展开3种荷电方式实验:电晕荷电、感应荷电和接触荷电。以针–板电极、环电极和针–环电极这3种电极结构作为研究对象,对充电电压、电极间距和电极位置对喷雾的荷质比和静电场的影响展开研究。结果表明:随着充电电压增加,对针–板电极,液滴受到电晕放电和离子风促进蒸发的共同作用,喷雾的荷质比先增加后降低;对环电极,喷雾荷质比先增加后降低;对针–环电极,喷雾荷质比单调增长。减小电极间距、增加电极与喷嘴距离可有效增加喷雾的荷质比;充电电压为负极性时荷电效率更高,相同充电电压下接触荷电产生喷雾荷质比和静电场均高于其他两种荷电方式,最大荷质比为1.61 mC/kg,喷雾产生的静电场由荷电液滴与液滴蒸发后向四周迁移的离子共同产生。In order to study the charging characteristics and electrostatic field characteristics of the steam spray,we experimentally investigated three kinds of charging methods,namely,corona charging,induction charging,and contact charging.To study the effects of charging voltage,inter-electrode distance,and electrode installation position on the charge-to-mass ratio and electrostatic field of the spray,we selected 3 electrode structures,namely,needle-plate electrode,ring electrode,and needle-ring electrode,as the research objects.With the increase of the charging voltage,for the needle-plate electrode,the droplets are subjected to the combined action of corona discharge and ion wind-promoted evaporation,thus the charge-to-mass ratio of the spray first increases and then decreases.For the ring electrode,the spray charge-to-mass ratio first increases and then decreases.For the needle-to-ring electrode,the spray charge-to-mass ratio keeps increasing.Reducing the inter-electrode distance and increasing the distance between the electrode and the nozzle can increase the charge-to-mass ratio of the spray.When the charging voltage is negative,the charging efficiency is higher.Under the same charging voltage,the spray charge-to-mass ratio and electrostatic field generated by contact charging are higher than those of the other two charging methods,and the maximum charge-to-mass ratio is 1.61 m C/kg.The spray electrostatic field is generated by the charged droplets and the ions that migrate around after the droplets evaporate.

关 键 词：蒸汽喷雾 感应荷电 电晕荷电 荷质比 静电场 

分 类 号：O441.1[理学—电磁学]