重症监护室发生急性肾损伤的危险因素  

Risk factors of acute kidney injury occurrence in the intensive care unit

作　　者：王蕤 乔晞[1] Rui Wang;Xi Qiao(Department of Nephrology,Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Shanxi Provincial Institute for Kidney Disease,Kidney Disease Institute of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第二医院、山西省肾脏病研究所、山西医科大学肾脏病研究所,太原030001

出　　处：《中华肾病研究电子杂志》2023年第2期93-96,共4页Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation（Electronic Edition）

基　　金：山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-186);山西省留学回国人员科技活动择优资助项目(2017-29)。

摘　　要：急性肾损伤(AKI)作为一种临床综合征,在住院病人特别是重症患者中常见。在重症监护室(ICU)中,AKI的发病率达30%~50%,死亡率甚至超过50%。ICU住院患者发生AKI的危险因素有多种,包括高龄、脓毒症、外科手术、创伤、烧伤、心力衰竭、肾毒素、机械通气、急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)及序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)增高、慢性肾脏病史、慢性肝病史、糖尿病、高血压等。早期预测ICU中AKI发生的危险因素有利于降低AKI的发生率与死亡率。本文就ICU中发生AKI的危险因素做一综述。As a clinical syndrome,acute kidney injury is common in hospitalized patients,especially in critically ill patients.In the intensive care unit(ICU),the incidence rate of AKI is 30%-50%,and the mortality rate is even more than 50%.There are many risk factors of AKI occurrence in ICU inpatients,including old age,sepsis,surgery,trauma,burns,heart failure,nephrotoxin,mechanical ventilation,high scores of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health EvaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA),history of chronic kidney disease,history of chronic liver disease,diabetes,hypertension,etc.Early prediction of AKI occurrence in ICU is helpful to reduce the incidence and mortality of AKI.This article reviewed the risk factors of AKI occurrence in ICU.

关 键 词：急性肾损伤 重症监护室 危险因素 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]