广西宜州蔗区灾害性病虫调查与产量糖分损失测定  

Investigation on Disastrous Diseases and Pests and Determination of their Losses on Yield and Sucrose Content in Sugarcane Planting Region of Yizhou,Guangxi Province

作　　者：梁宏卫 卢海发 韦炳春 石浩丁 韦海勇 刘振华 王晓燕[2] 李银煳 单红丽[2] 黄应昆 LIANG Hongwei;LU Haifa;WEI Bingchun;SHI Haoding;WEI Haiyong;LIU Zhenhua;WANG Xiaoyan;LI Yinhu;SHAN Hongli;HUANG Yingkun(Guangxi Boqing Food Co.Ltd.,Yizhou,Guangxi 546300;Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Province Academy of Agricultural Science,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699)

机构地区：[1]广西博庆食品有限公司,广西宜州546300 [2]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699

出　　处：《甘蔗糖业》2023年第2期16-22,共7页Sugarcane and Canesugar

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-170303);“云岭产业技术领军人才”培养项目“甘蔗有害生物防控”(2018LJRC56);广西博庆科企合作项目(BQ08060101)。

摘　　要：为了明确甘蔗中后期灾害性病虫种类及产量糖分损失,本研究于2019~2021年对宜州广西博庆公司蔗区中后期灾害性病虫种类和灾害特性进行调查鉴定,成熟期称量和测定甘蔗产量、糖分及损失率。结果表明:广西博庆公司甘蔗中后期灾害性病虫有甘蔗螟虫、梢腐病、褐条病3种,且存在2种或3种病虫害混合发生为害。公司所属石别糖厂和博东糖厂蔗区螟害株率平均为68.1%和69.6%,最高90.0%;螟害节率平均为8.8%和7.4%,最高15.0%;梢腐病病株率平均为35.7%和28.0%,最高60.0%;褐条病病情指数平均为81.2和84.0,最高96.7;相对产量损失率平均为39.08%和65.72%,最多79.38%;田间锤度平均降低3.78°Bx和3.56°Bx,最多9.30°Bx;甘蔗糖分平均降低3.68%和2.44%,最多10.18%。主栽品种桂糖42号、桂柳05136、桂糖44号等为易感病。研究结果显示:目前宜州广西博庆公司甘蔗中后期多种病虫害混合发生为害,减产减糖严重,病虫害已成为严重影响蔗糖业高质量发展的主要障碍因素之一,切实加强对中后期灾害性病虫精准监测和防控将是确保蔗糖业提质增效和持续高质量发展的首要任务。鉴于甘蔗品种结构单一,建议加大对抗病良种的引进力度,筛选抗病良种在生产上进行科学合理布局,以此从根本上解决病虫害问题。In order to clarify the types of disastrous diseases and pests in the middle and late stage of sugarcane production,and their losses on yield and sucrose content,this study investigated and identified the types and disaster characteristics of disastrous diseases and pests in the sugarcane area of Boqing Company in Yizhou from 2019 to 2021,the yield,sucrose content and loss rate of sugarcane were measured and weighed during the maturity period.The results showed that there were three types of disastrous diseases and pests in the middle and late stage of sugarcane production in Guangxi Boqing Company,including sugarcane borer,pokkah boeng disease and brown stripe disease,and there were two or three mixed together that cause damage.In sugarcane region of Shibie Sugar Factory and Bodong Sugar Factory owns by the company,the average borer-damage stem rate was 68.1%and 69.6%,with the highest rate of 90.0%.The average borer-damage internode rate was 8.8%and 7.4%,with the highest rate of 15.0%.The average incidence of pokkah boeng disease was 35.7%and 28.0%,with the highest rate of 60.0%.The average disease index of brown stripe was 81.2 and 84.0,with the highest disease index of 96.7.The relative yield loss rate was 39.08%and 65.72%on average,with a maximum of 79.38%.The brix was decreased by 3.78 and 3.56 on average,with a maximum of 9.30.The sucrose content was decreased by 3.68%and 2.44%on average,and the maximum was 10.18%.The main cultivated varieties including Guitang42,Guiliu05136 and Guitang44 are susceptible to diseases.The results of this study indicated that at present,various diseases and pests mixed occurring in the middle and late stage of sugarcane in Guangxi Boqing Company in Yizhou,resulting in the severe reduction of sugarcane and sugar yield.Diseases and pests have become one of the main obstacles that seriously affect the high-quality development of the sugar industry.Strengthening the accurate monitoring and control of disastrous diseases and pests in the middle and late stages will be the primary t

关 键 词：广西宜州 甘蔗病虫 发生为害 产量糖分 调查测定 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]