不同分子量聚醚胺共混对环氧复合泡沫绝缘材料热性能及电气性能的影响分析  

Analysis of the Effect of Blending Different Molecular Weight Polyetheramines on the Thermal and Electrical Properties of Epoxy Composite Foam Insulation Materials

作　　者：刘贺晨[1] 董鹏[1] 周松松 刘云鹏[1] 魏利伟 李乐[1] Liu Hechen;Dong Peng;Zhou Songsong;Liu Yunpeng;Wei Liwei;Li Le(Hebei Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient New Electrical Materials and Equipment North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003 China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192 China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学河北省绿色高效电工新材料与设备重点实验室,保定071003 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第10期2589-2601,共13页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2020MS088)。

摘　　要：环氧基复合泡沫(SF)具有轻质高绝缘的特点,电气和理化性能优异,作为芯体绝缘材料具有良好的应用前景。该文使用聚醚胺作为SF材料树脂基体的固化剂,研究不同分子量的聚醚胺共混对SF材料固化反应机理、热学性能、力学性能及电气性能的影响。研究结果显示,随着高分子量的聚醚胺(D-2000)添加量的逐渐增加,固化时的内部温度出现明显下降,固化反应的放热量逐渐减少。但是当D-2000添加量在30%~40%时材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率以及材料的电气性能均有不同程度的下降。结果表明,不同分子量的聚醚胺共混的SF体系可明显减轻热集中带来的烧芯现象,其中D-2000含量为20%时的SF材料综合性能优异,这为解决SF材料工艺生产问题和应用领域的扩展提供了新的思路。Epoxy-based composite foam(syntactic foam)uses hollow microspheres of low-density material as the lightweight phase and epoxy resin as the matrix phase.It has high porosity,low density,few internal defects,and good insulating properties,with good application prospects as a core insulating material.However,due to the large size of the insulating core,SF materials are prone to thermal concentration in the casting and curing process.It causes problems such as core burning and cracking within the material,greatly impacting the performance of the core after curing.By modifying the resin matrix in the SF material,the starting temperature of the epoxy resin-based cross-linking reaction and the reactivity of the curing agent are reduced.Thus,the curing speed of the SF material curing reaction and the amount of heat released can be reduced,alleviating the core burning phenomenon.The characteristics of low viscosity,low reactivity,and high elongation of polyetheramines are combined with those of low density and high viscosity of SF systems.By blending polyetheramine curing agents of different molecular weights to obtain epoxy-based SF systems with suitable curing rates and heat release,the electrical and thermomechanical properties of the materials were also comprehensively evaluated to obtain suitable matrix formulations for insulation core applications.The internal temperature of the blended system during curing(40℃)is measured using thermocouples to clarify the actual temperature variation during curing.In addition,good electrical and thermal properties are required as core insulating material.It also needs to have a low water absorption rate.Breakdown strength,dielectric loss angle,leakage current,and thermal weight loss were measured for different SF materials,and the change in water absorption was tested for SF materials over 96 h.The interface between the microspheres and the resin matrix affects the performance of the SF materials.The degree of interfacial bonding between the microspheres and the resin matrix was

关 键 词：复合泡沫 聚醚胺 环氧树脂 有机微球 热性能 

分 类 号：TM21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]